The designation of Islamabad as the federal capital of Pakistan marked a significant shift in the country's administrative and geographical narrative. Prior to this decision, Karachi had served as the capital since Pakistan's independence in 1947. However, the rapid urban growth and congestion in Karachi led the government to seek an alternative location. Islamabad was chosen primarily because of its strategic location in the north-central region of the country, which provided better accessibility for various provinces. Moreover, the decision was influenced by the concept of establishing a planned city that could embody the aspirations of a new nation.

The planning of Islamabad was executed by Constantinos Apostolou Doxiadis, a Greek architect and urban planner, whose vision was to create a modern and functional city that reflected the cultural identity of Pakistan. By the late 1950s, extensive groundwork had begun, and the city was built on a grid system with well-defined sectors for different functionalities such as residential, educational, and governmental. The ceremony that officially declared Islamabad as the capital was attended by several dignitaries and highlighted the political stability aimed for in the country’s formative years following independence.

Beyond its geographical advantages, Islamabad was envisaged as a symbol of hope and progress for Pakistan. The development of the capital was part and parcel of broader ambitions under President Ayub Khan, who sought modernization and economic growth. The city was designed with future growth in mind, with green spaces and adequate infrastructure, contributing to its status as a peaceful and politically stable capital.