In the summer of 1978, Beirut was engulfed in violence, exacerbated by the ongoing Lebanese Civil War, which began in 1975. This period saw various factions vying for power, and the presence of Palestinian factions complicated the already volatile situation. On August 13, a large-scale terrorist attack occurred in a Palestinian refugee camp in Beirut, killing around 150 individuals, mainly civilians. The attack's timing coincided with heightened sectarian tensions and a series of military confrontations among Lebanese militias and Palestinian groups. Reports indicated that the assailants orchestrated the attack during a gathering, aiming to inflict maximum casualties and create fear among the Palestinian community.The Lebanese Civil War was marked by complex alliances and frequent shifts in power dynamics, making it a challenging time for Palestinian refugees who sought safety amidst the chaos. The significant loss of life in this attack drew attention to the precarious situation faced by Palestinians in Lebanon and highlighted the broader implications of foreign involvement in Lebanon's civil strife. The aftermath saw an increase in hostilities against Palestinians, leading to further displacement and humanitarian crises within the region. This violent incident underscored the vulnerabilities of refugee populations and the ease with which such targeted violence could occur during periods of national turmoil, ultimately contributing to the ongoing conflict for many years to come.