In 1517, a notable encounter occurred when a fleet of seven Portuguese armed vessels, commanded by Fernão Pires de Andrade, arrived at the estuary of the Pearl River in China. This event represents an essential junction in maritime exploration and diplomatic outreach during the Age of Discovery. The primary objective of Andrade and his men was to engage with Chinese officials, promoting the establishment of commerce and fostering mutual interests between Portugal and China. They sought not only to secure trade routes but also to introduce European goods and culture into the Chinese market. The meeting indicated an opening in diplomatic channels that were previously limited due to the vast geographic and cultural distance between Europe and Asia. Furthermore, Andrade's expedition is noteworthy for the intentions behind it: the Portuguese were eager to expand their commercial reach into Asia, a region rich in spices and silks that were highly coveted back in Europe.

As these Portuguese vessels approached the Pearl River estuary, they were received by representatives of the Ming Dynasty. The discussions that took place were fundamental in establishing protocols for trade and setting the stage for future Portuguese missions. The encounter was facilitated by the common interest in trade, with both parties searching for favorable conditions to exchange goods and services. Interestingly, the meeting showcased the willingness of the Ming officials to engage in international trade, even if the motives of the Portuguese were closely tied to colonial ambitions. This pivotal moment ultimately had ramifications that influenced trade practices and international relations between two distant cultures.

The engagement at the Pearl River was a significant precursor to further Portuguese ventures into Chinese territories, leading to more consistent interactions and the eventual establishment of a strong trade presence in Asia. The implications of this interaction go beyond mere trade; they also led to cultural exchanges that enriched both societies and left enduring impacts.