After a long struggle for independence characterized by both non-violent resistance led by figures like Mahatma Gandhi and active political engagement by leaders such as Jawaharlal Nehru, India finally achieved sovereignty from British colonial rule. This momentous occasion was formalized through the Indian Independence Act of 1947, which was passed by the British Parliament. Upon the stroke of midnight on August 15, the country celebrated its newfound freedom, marked by patriotic fervor and widespread celebrations across various regions. The Indian National Congress played a pivotal role in advocating for India's self-governance, organizing protests and negotiations that culminated in this pivotal achievement.

The ceremony in New Delhi was attended by numerous dignitaries, and including representatives from various communities and independence movements. With this independence, India stepped onto a global stage, seeking to redefine its identity as a nation free from colonial rule. The transition was symbolized during an official ceremony at the Red Fort, where Nehru delivered his iconic "Tryst with Destiny" speech, outlining the vision for a free India. This event solidified the resolve of the Indian populace to build a democratic nation grounded in justice, equality, and freedom.

As India embarked on nation-building, the division into two independent states, India and Pakistan, was also marked by significant demographic upheavals, leading to widespread migrations and communal conflicts. Nonetheless, the establishment of India as a sovereign republic was a major turning point in the 20th century, influencing anti-colonial movements worldwide, while setting a new precedent for international relations as a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.