The establishment of the Republic of Korea marked a pivotal moment in the historical narrative of the Korean Peninsula. Following years of Japanese colonization that lasted from 1910 to 1945, Korea was liberated after World War II, leading to the division of the peninsula into two separate entities: the communist North and the democratic South. The United States and the Soviet Union played crucial roles during this time, supporting different ideologies that would shape the future of Korea. The South, influenced by the U.S., was gearing towards a more democratic and capitalist system. On August 15, 1948, a constitutional assembly convened in Busan where members passed laws which led to the establishment of the First Republic of Korea, with Syngman Rhee being elected as its first president. This day was celebrated with much promise and hope amongst South Koreans as it symbolized a break from foreign domination and the beginning of self-governance.This establishment was not without its challenges. The newly formed government had to address issues such as poverty, the influx of refugees, and the need to rebuild infrastructure damaged war. The roots of political disagreements with the North were already beginning to show, leading to a tense situation that would eventually escalate into the Korean War in 1950. Rhee's government faced criticism for suppressing dissent and consolidating power, reflecting the complexities and struggles inherent in establishing a new democratic system in a region divided by ideology and external influences. Despite these challenges, the establishment of the republic was a foundational step towards Korea's path of modernization.