Pope Leo II was elected pope on August 17, 682, succeeding Pope Benedict II. This event marked the beginning of a pontificate filled with doctrinal affirmations and consolidation efforts against various theological challenges. Leo II was known for his commitment to the Catholic faith and particularly for combating the Monothelete controversy, which debated the nature of Christ and was a significant theological issue of the time. His papacy emerged amid political instability and growing tensions within the church, as intermediate factions struggled for influence over doctrinal decisions.

Leo II's role as a mediator and leader came to the forefront during his tenure. He remained dedicated to establishing orthodoxy within the church, promoting the decisions of the Lateran Synod, which was pivotal in affirming the church's stance against heretical beliefs. His leadership was not just limited to theological disputes; he also navigated the political landscape of the time, managing relationships with various factions within the church and beyond. By tactfully addressing both religious and political matters, he endeavored to strengthen the church's position in a time of uncertainty.

His actions laid a foundation for subsequent papacies and highlighted the pope's increasing role as a central authority within Christendom. While Leo II's papacy was relatively short, it contributed to ongoing discussions regarding the nature of Christ and the church's theological stance. The decisions made during his pontificate influenced the church's trajectory in the following centuries, ultimately shaping the contours of Christian theology and papal authority as they evolved over time.