King Gustav III orchestrated a coup d'état that culminated in the adoption of a new Constitution, effectively dismantling a parliamentary rule that had been in place for 50 years. Prior to this dramatic shift, Sweden had been governed by a group of nobles and representatives who held significant power in the Riksdag, the Swedish parliament. Gustav, recognizing the limitations posed by such a system on his vision for a modernized Sweden, sought to establish a more centralized form of governance. By implementing a new Constitution, he aimed to reinforce his authority and implement Enlightenment principles that emphasized rational governance and monarchic supervision over the affairs of the state.

On that fateful day, Gustav III took decisive action, enforcing his vision through a council of reform-minded individuals who shared his goals. This maneuver not only curtailed the powers of the Riksdag but also introduced a more streamlined government that better reflected his objectives as a ruler. The transition marked a turning point for Swedish politics, moving away from the fluctuating influences of the nobility towards a system more directly controlled by the crown. This change forged a path for modernization in Sweden, contributing to the spread of Enlightenment ideals throughout Europe.

Gustav III's reign was characterized by significant cultural and economic reforms, all of which stemmed from his desire to modernize Sweden. His government adopted policies that encouraged the arts and sciences, creating an environment that fostered innovation and creativity. As an enlightened despot, he believed that strong leadership could lead to the overall progress of society. The new Constitution that he adopted not only reflected his personal ambitions but also set a precedence for future governance in Sweden, empowering his successors to seek similar reforms.