The Fettmilch Uprising marked a crucial point in the social dynamics of Frankfurt in the early 17th century. Spurred by economic grievances, local non-Jewish residents, fueled by societal tensions, targeted the Jewish community, blaming them for financial hardships. Georg Fettmilch, a butcher with a strong local following, became a central figure in the uprising, rallying support for the plundering of the Judengasse on August 22, 1614. During the uprising, the Jewish quarter suffered extensive looting and violence, causing widespread devastation and fear among its inhabitants.

As the unrest escalated, the authorities of Frankfurt struggled to maintain order, showcasing the fragile balance between different social groups in the city. The uprising highlighted deep-seated antisemitic sentiments, with the local population resenting Jewish economic activities amid their own financial struggles. Following the violence, the Jewish community faced expulsion from Frankfurt. The plundering of the Judengasse was not only an assault on property but also a devastating blow to the social and economic fabric of Jewish life in the city.

In the aftermath of the uprising, the expulsion and violence shook the Jewish community in Frankfurt and had lasting implications for their status in the Holy Roman Empire. Jewish residents were forced to seek refuge in neighboring regions, dismantling their established communities. This event emphasizes the recurrent patterns of persecution that Jews faced in Europe, often tied to their roles as financial intermediaries. The Fettmilch Uprising stands as a significant example of how economic hardship can lead to scapegoating and violence against minority communities.