The Queen Charlotte earthquake, recorded at a magnitude of 8.1, struck the coast of British Columbia, specifically the Queen Charlotte Islands, on August 22, 1949. It was characterized as the most powerful earthquake to hit Canada since the 1700 Cascadia earthquake. The epicenter was located approximately 50 miles southwest of the island of Graham, part of the archipelago. The seismic activity was primarily attributed to the converging Juan de Fuca Plate and North American Plate, which continues to play a crucial role in the geological landscape of the Pacific Northwest.

The earthquake caused significant geological disturbances, including landslides on the islands, where the rugged terrain was heavily affected. Coastal residents reported strong shaking, with people feeling the effects as far away as the mainland. Buildings and infrastructure suffered damage, particularly on the islands, leading to prolonged recovery efforts. While the earthquake was destructive in nature, it is noteworthy that it did not result in any loss of life, which often accompanies such powerful seismic events.

Geologists and seismologists used this occasion to further study the region's tectonics and earthquake preparedness. The event highlighted the need for improved building codes in earthquake-prone areas and increased awareness about seismic risks in British Columbia. As a result, this earthquake became a significant point of reference for understanding earthquake behavior in the region and shaping future policy regarding disaster preparedness and response.