The deposition of Christian II of Denmark and the election of Gustav Vasa as regent signified a critical juncture in Swedish history. During the early 16th century, Sweden was part of the Kalmar Union, which united Denmark, Norway, and Sweden under a single monarch. Christian II, who ruled from 1513, sought to solidify his power over Sweden, often employing harsh measures. His oppressive governance and heavy taxation fueled resentment among Swedish nobles and commoners alike, culminating in widespread unrest.

The Swedish rebellion began to take shape around 1520, leading to significant uprisings against Christian’s rule. Gustav Vasa emerged as a key figure during this tumultuous period. A nobleman who had initially fled to Germany, he became a symbol of resistance. Returning to Sweden, he rallied support against the Danish king, leveraging the widespread discontent. By August 1521, the tide had turned significantly in favor of the rebels, leading to the decisive deposition of Christian II.

Gustav Vasa’s ascent to power not only marked the beginning of a new political regime but also heralded the decline of the Kalmar Union. His leadership would eventually lead to the establishment of the Vasa dynasty, lasting for over a century. Vasa's election as regent was not just a personal triumph but also a momentous step towards Sweden's full independence from foreign dominance, shaping the nation's national identity going forward.