The state of Franklin was born out of dissatisfaction with the governance of North Carolina and the challenges faced by settlers in the region. Located in what is now eastern Tennessee, the settlers were confronted with issues such as inadequate representation, hostile relations with Native American tribes, and lack of local governance. The decision to declare independence on August 23, 1784, was fueled by these concerns and the belief that local control could better address the unique needs of the area. John Sevier, a notable figure in the region, became the first governor of Franklin, leading efforts to establish a functioning government and assert the new state's rights.

Franklin's governance was marked by conflicts, including disputes with North Carolina and federal authorities. Although it garnered some support among the local population, Franklin ultimately lacked the necessary resources and political backing to sustain itself long-term. The state faced external challenges, such as military threats from neighboring regions and internal divisions among its leadership. Attempts to secure recognition by Congress and formal admission into the Union were unsuccessful, leading to increasing instability.

After four years of existence, Franklin effectively disbanded in 1788, as the region returned to North Carolina's control. The brief existence of Franklin is notable as it underscored early tensions in the post-Revolutionary War United States, wherein local communities grappled with identity and governance while navigating the aspirations of statehood. The legacy of Franklin influenced subsequent movements for statehood and regional autonomy in the years to follow.