The assassination of Regent George Mouzalon and his brothers unfolded against the backdrop of a tumultuous period in the Empire of Nicaea. As the Byzantine Empire faced threats from various external and internal factions, the political landscape became increasingly unstable. George Mouzalon had been a prominent figure in the Nicaean court, serving as regent for the young emperor. His control was viewed with resentment by many of the aristocracy, who sought to reclaim influence over the throne. Michael VIII Palaiologos, emerging as a leader of the conspirators, capitalized on this discontent among the elite.

The coup was marked by a swift and brutal execution of Mouzalon and his siblings, which signified a decisive move against the current governance and a bid for power by Michael VIII. The event not only eliminated the Mouzalon family from the political equation but also cleared the path for Michael's ascension as a stabilizing force in the empire. Following this coup, Palaiologos maneuvered his way into becoming the emperor, leading to the eventual restoration of Byzantine authority.

In the aftermath, Michael VIII implemented a series of reforms aimed at restoring the empire’s strength and re-establishing central authority. By consolidating power and reducing the influence of rival factions, he laid the groundwork for the eventual re-conquest of Constantinople, which would become a pivotal point in Byzantine history.