The Second Battle of San Salvador was a pivotal military engagement that occurred during the Dutch–Portuguese War, where the Dutch East India Company sought to establish and expand its influence in Asia. The battle took place in San Salvador, known today as Keelung, Taiwan. The Dutch forces, aiming to displace the Spanish, who had established a colony on Formosa, launched a strategic offensive designed to capture the garrison and secure the area for their own interests. The fighting was fierce, with the Dutch employing naval strength along with ground troops in a coordinated assault. After sustained conflict, the Spanish garrison eventually capitulated, ending Spanish colonial ambitions in Taiwan. The success at San Salvador not only marked a significant victory for the Dutch but also showcased the effectiveness of their military strategies in maritime conflicts.Following the battle, the Dutch initiated a new administrative framework in Taiwan which replaced the previous Spanish governance. The Dutch intended to use the island as a base for trade with China and Japan, facilitating their growing economic ambitions in the region. They began to construct fortifications and establish trade relations, seeking to attract local indigenous populations to their rule and establish a profitable colony under the Dutch East India Company's auspices. This transition laid the groundwork for future Dutch colonial endeavors in Taiwan and surrounding areas, reinforcing their position as a leading maritime power in Asia during the 17th century.