The Greco-Turkish War, fought between 1919 and 1922, was a result of post-World War I tensions in the region, driven by national aspirations of both Greeks and Turks. Afyonkarahisar, located in western Anatolia, was a key city that the Greek army had captured earlier in the conflict. Its recapture by Turkish forces was a critical moment, showcasing the effectiveness of the Turkish Nationalist movement led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. As the Turkish army advanced, they aimed to consolidate control over Anatolia and deny Greek expansionist ambitions.

On August 27, 1922, Turkish troops undertook a coordinated assault on the city, utilizing their numerical and strategic advantages. The Greek forces, struggling with supply issues and dwindling morale, were unable to repel the assault, leading to a rapid Turkish victory. The fall of Afyonkarahisar symbolized the collapse of Greek positions in Anatolia and was pivotal in the broader offensive that led to the Great Fire of Smyrna and the eventual establishment of the Republic of Turkey.

The capture of this city was not just a military triumph; it was a morale booster for the Turkish Nationalists and a significant blow to Greek aspirations in Asia Minor. The Turkish forces systematically reclaimed territory, which ultimately set the stage for the Treaty of Lausanne and the establishment of boundaries between Greece and Turkey. The event is remembered for its implications on national identity and statehood in both nations, contributing to the reconfiguration of the region in the aftermath of colonialism and war.