The Anglo-Zulu War, which erupted in 1879, was a conflict between the British Empire and the Zulu Kingdom. It stemmed from British colonial interests in Southern Africa, particularly in the region now known as KwaZulu-Natal. The war was sparked by rising tensions over land and sovereignty, leading to a full-scale invasion by British troops. Significant battles such as Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift highlighted the military prowess of the Zulus but ultimately culminated in British superiority in terms of resources and technology.

Cetshwayo kaMpande was the ruler of the Zulu Kingdom and played a pivotal role in resisting British advances. His capture on August 28, 1879, followed the British victory at Ulundi, where the Zulus suffered a decisive defeat. Following his capture, Cetshwayo was exiled and the Zulu kingdom was eventually divided into smaller chieftaincies, severely weakening Zulu political structure and autonomy.

The consequences of Cetshwayo's capture had long-lasting effects on both the Zulu people and British colonial policy in the region. The disintegration of Zulu sovereignty marked a significant point in the colonial history of Southern Africa, impacting indigenous governance and cultural traditions.