Henry I, the youngest son of King William the Conqueror, was crowned as the King of England in Westminster Abbey after the death of his brother, King William II, also known as William Rufus, who died under mysterious circumstances. Henry quickly moved to assert his claim to the throne in a politically charged environment, as his brother's death left a power vacuum that could have led to significant turmoil. The coronation was conducted by Anselm, the Archbishop of Canterbury, reflecting the important bond between the church and the monarchy during the medieval period.

The coronation ceremony itself utilized rich traditions typical for English monarchs, involving anointing with holy oil and the presentation of royal regalia. This act was not only a religious ceremony but also a political statement, designed to gain the support of the nobility and to legitimize Henry's rule. By securing their backing, Henry aimed to stabilize his reign and prevent any potential uprising from rival claimants who disputed his legitimacy.

Henry’s reign would later be noted for significant reforms, including the establishment of the legal system and efforts to improve administration in England. Faced with the need to unify his kingdom, he introduced changes that demonstrated a shift towards a more structured governance, setting precedents for future English monarchs. The influence of Anselm and the church during the crowning highlighted the essential role of religion in legitimizing royal authority, a theme that would persist throughout the Middle Ages.