The Independent Subway System (IND) was launched in New York City to provide a third subway option alongside the existing Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) and Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation (BMT). It was conceived during the early 1920s, as the need for a more extensive and efficient transit system became increasingly apparent due to the city's population growth. The IND aimed to offer lower fares and a more reliable service. The first line to open was the 8th Avenue Line, stretching from Chambers Street in Lower Manhattan to 207th Street in Inwood, a total of approximately 11 miles. This section featured innovative designs, including the use of wider tunnels and improved ventilation systems, which allowed for more comfortable travel compared to the older lines.

The opening was marked by a public ceremony and was well-attended, demonstrating the citizens' enthusiasm for improved transportation options. The IND quickly became popular, alleviating pressure on the already crowded IRT and BMT services. Over time, the IND expanded its reach, adding more lines and stations, and became an integral part of New York’s public transit infrastructure, significantly shaping the commuting patterns in the city. This expansion also coincided with the Great Depression, providing jobs and stimulating the local economy through its construction projects.