The Great Siege of Gibraltar, which began in 1779 and lasted for several years, was a key conflict within the wider context of the American Revolutionary War. Franco-Spanish forces aimed to seize this British stronghold, recognizing its importance for naval power and control over Mediterranean trade. On September 13, 1782, the allied troops launched the grand assault, assembling a significant number of soldiers and artillery to breach the British defenses. Leading the attack, General Marquis de la Luzerne and Spanish General Manuel de la Pezuela coordinated their strategies in hopes of overwhelming the defenders. However, the British garrison, under the command of Governor General George Eliott, had fortified their positions and were prepared for such an onslaught.

The assault included attacks on multiple fronts but was met with fierce resistance. British forces utilized their well-designed fortifications and superior artillery to repel the attackers. The determined defense by the British resulted in heavy casualties for the French and Spanish troops. The failure of this grand assault underscored the difficulties the allies faced in overcoming Gibraltar’s defenses, which were enhanced by the British after each previous skirmish.

In the aftermath of this assault, the siege continued for some time but ultimately ended in surrender for the Franco-Spanish forces, highlighting the strategic importance of Gibraltar and the resilience of British forces during the conflict. The failure of the grand assault significantly impacted public morale in Spain and France, where hopes for a quick victory had been high.