The invasion of Quebec by the Continental Army began with the Siege of Fort St. Jean, an essential military maneuver during the early stages of the American Revolutionary War. The siege symbolized the aspirations of the American colonists to expand their struggle against British authority beyond the borders of the Thirteen Colonies. General Benedict Arnold, appointed to lead the mission, aimed to capture key locations in Quebec as part of a two-pronged strategy involving a separate attack from the south led by Philip Schuyler.

Fort St. Jean, strategically located near the Richelieu River, served as a gateway to Montreal and was therefore crucial for controlling access to the region. The siege itself entailed significant logistical challenges as Arnold's forces consisted of a mix of experienced soldiers and newly recruited militia. The harsh Canadian winter was a looming threat, pressing the Patriots to act quickly. Supplies and reinforcements were critical, yet difficult to procure given the geographical and political circumstances.

The siege lasted several months, with the American forces employing standard military tactics to surround and bombard the fort. The British garrison, knowing their strategic importance, put up a rigorous defense. The determination of Arnold and his men spurred various local supporters to contemplate the revolutionary cause, reflecting a deeper involvement of civilians in the military efforts. This campaign in Quebec was not only about military conquest but also about winning hearts and minds to the revolutionary cause.