The establishment of the Border Protection Corps marked a significant moment in the military strategy of the Second Polish Republic, which was formed in the aftermath of World War I and the subsequent Treaty of Versailles. The eastern borders of Poland faced numerous challenges, including armed raids from Soviet forces and local criminal groups, posing a threat to the security and stability of the newly re-established nation. To counteract this instability, the Polish government recognized the necessity of a dedicated military unit tasked with border patrol and defense. Thus, on September 17, 1924, the Border Protection Corps was officially created.

This corps was organized to operate along the eastern borders, particularly in regions prone to unrest and infiltration by hostile groups. They were responsible not only for preventing unauthorized crossings but also for engaging in combat against armed bands that exploited the chaotic conditions of the time. The Border Protection Corps was structured similarly to traditional military units but emphasized rapid response and local knowledge to adapt to the unique challenges of border security.

In addition to its primary function of defense, the corps also played a role in collecting intelligence about enemy movements and coordinating with other military forces when broader confrontations occurred. This initiative reflected Poland's urgent need to secure its borders during a period marked by political instability and a delicate geopolitical climate between Eastern Europe and the emerging Soviet state.