Bersaglieri Corps Captures Rome at Porta Pia
September 20th, 1870
September 20th, 1870

How Long Ago?
154 years, 5 months, 23 days ago
Location
Rome, Italy
Category
Military & Warfare
People
- Giuseppe Garibaldi
- Pope Pius IX
- Camillo Benso di Cavour
Links & References
Tags
Bersaglieri Corps Captures Rome at Porta Pia
The Bersaglieri corps, part of the Kingdom of Italy's army, successfully entered Rome through the Porta Pia after a brief conflict with the Papal forces. This military action marked a significant moment in the process of Italian unification, culminating in the annexation of the Papal States into Italy. The city's capture was pivotal for the new Italian state, completing the political project initiated by figures like Giuseppe Garibaldi and Camillo Benso di Cavour.
Bersaglieri were elite troops of the Italian army.
The capture marked the end of papal temporal power.
Rome became the new capital of unified Italy.
The event symbolized Italian national identity.
What Happened?
The entry of the Bersaglieri corps into Rome represents a crucial chapter in the Italian unification movement, known as the Risorgimento. This military encounter took place against the backdrop of escalating tensions between the Kingdom of Italy and the Papal States, led by Pope Pius IX. The unification of Italy had been a protracted struggle that began in the early 19th century, involving various leaders, the most notable being Giuseppe Garibaldi and Camillo Benso di Cavour. The Kingdom of Italy sought to consolidate the many fragmented states and territories of Italy under one central authority.
On the morning of September 20, 1870, the Bersaglieri, famed for their distinctive hats and rapid march, launched an assault on the fortifications near Porta Pia, a significant gateway to Rome. After a swift engagement with the Papal troops, who were equipped but outnumbered, the Bersaglieri managed to breach the city walls. The battle, although brief, showcased the effectiveness of the Italian military and the resolve of the government to assert control over Rome.
The capture of Rome symbolized not just a victory in military terms but also a profound transformation in the Italian national identity. With the annexation of the Papal States, Rome was declared the capital of the Kingdom of Italy, solidifying its status as a unified nation-state. This transition marked the end of centuries of papal temporal power and initiated a new era of Italian history with Rome at its center. The event set the stage for future political, social, and cultural developments in Italy.
Why Does it Matter?
The entry of the Bersaglieri corps into Rome is particularly interesting as it completed the unification process of Italy, effectively ending centuries of fragmentation among the Italian states and the influence of the Papacy in temporal affairs. This action ignited a national identity rooted in the shared experience of unification, paving the way for Italy's modern political landscape.
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