In the context of the ongoing conflict following the French Revolutionary Wars, the Maltese sought assistance against the French forces that had occupied their islands since 1798. After lengthy resistance and blockades, the Maltese invited British troops to intervene in their plight. The British, who had already established a naval presence in the region, responded positively and sent reinforcements to Malta. On this pivotal day, British forces successfully captured Valletta, the capital of Malta, after the French garrison capitulated. This event not only marked a significant military victory but also heralded a shift in the region's political landscape.

The surrender took place amid a backdrop of widespread dissatisfaction among the Maltese towards French rule, which had imposed heavy taxation and strict control. Many locals had suffered under the French regime, leading to a fervent desire for liberation. The British troops were welcomed as liberators, and the collaboration between the Maltese and British began a new chapter in Maltese history. After the surrender, the islands of Malta and Gozo were formally established as a protectorate under British control, marking the onset of a new era in which British influence would shape the future of Malta.

Following the collapse of the French hold, a new administration was established. The British set about reforming Malta's governance, aiming to stabilize the region and strengthen its strategic position in the Mediterranean. This transition would have lasting implications for Malta as it influenced its socio-political structure and foreshadowed its future developments and integration within the British Empire.