Union of South Africa Joins War Against Germany
September 6th, 1939
September 6th, 1939

How Long Ago?
85 years, 6 months, 9 days ago
Location
Union of South Africa
Category
Military & Warfare
War/Conflict
World War II
People
- Jan Smuts
Links & References
Tags
Union of South Africa Joins War Against Germany
The Union of South Africa declared war against Germany following the United Kingdom's announcement. This action marked a significant moment in South Africa's history, aligning the nation with the Allies during World War II. Prime Minister Jan Smuts played a crucial role in rallying support for the war effort, emphasizing the need to combat Nazi aggression. The declaration was met with mixed reactions among South Africans, reflecting divisions regarding participation in the conflict.
Declared war as part of the British Commonwealth.
Response to Nazi Germany's invasion of Poland.
Jan Smuts was a key proponent of the war effort.
Public opinion was divided on participating in the conflict.
What Happened?
On September 6, 1939, the Union of South Africa declared war on Germany, officially joining the Allies in the struggle of World War II. This announcement came just days after the United Kingdom had declared war on Germany in response to the invasion of Poland. The decision to enter the war was largely influenced by Prime Minister Jan Smuts, who argued for South Africa's responsibilities as part of the British Commonwealth and the need to oppose the ideological threat posed by Nazi Germany. His call to arms resonated with those who supported the Allies but faced opposition from factions within South Africa that were either isolationist or opposed to British control.
In the days leading up to the declaration, public debate intensified around the implications of war. Many South Africans were aware of the sacrifices that awaited in another global conflict, especially in light of the recent memory of World War I, where South African troops had fought alongside British forces. The nationalist sentiment in the country also added complexity to the decision, with various groups advocating for differing positions regarding allegiance and participation.
The Union's involvement in the war significantly impacted its military and political landscape. South African troops fought in various campaigns in North Africa and Italian East Africa, contributing to the international war effort. Additionally, the war catalyzed changes in domestic policies, including issues related to race, labor, and national identity as the country grappled with its role in a global conflict while managing internal divisions.
Why Does it Matter?
The Union of South Africa's declaration of war on Germany marked a turning point in its political landscape and military involvement in global affairs. It highlighted the complexities of identity in a nation balancing colonial ties and emerging nationalist sentiments. This event also set the stage for South Africa's future role in international politics, showcasing both its military capabilities and the challenges of unity amidst diverse public opinion.
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