In a notable revolt, approximately 15,000 Han farmers and local militia mobilized against Dutch rule in Taiwan. This rebellion was primarily driven by the dissatisfaction with the Dutch colonial authorities' oppressive taxation policies and their aggressive land seizure efforts, which encroached upon the livelihoods of the local population. The farmers, mainly from Fujian Province, were growing increasingly frustrated by the forbidding economic conditions imposed by the Dutch, seeking to protect their rights and ancestral lands. The uprising began to gain traction in the village of Dajia, where communities united to voice their grievances. As the Dutch attempted to quell the insurrection with military force, the local resistance showcased both the solidarity among the Han population and their determination to resist foreign domination.

The Dutch East India Company had established a foothold in Taiwan in the 1620s, taking advantage of the island's strategic location and natural resources. However, the imposition of foreign governance led to the alienation of local populations who had previously thrived under their own systems. The rebellion became an emblem of local resistance against colonial exploitation, as well as a reflection of the broader patterns of conflict seen throughout the region during this period of European expansion. Initially, the farmers managed to expel Dutch officials from certain territories, leading to localized efforts to reclaim sovereignty while raising awareness about their plight among surrounding communities.