The Rif War, which took place between 1921 and 1926, was a conflict between Spain and the Berber tribes of the Rif region in Morocco. The Spanish faced significant challenges as local tribes, notably under the leadership of Abd el-Krim, had achieved remarkable successes against colonial forces. In an attempt to regain control and assert dominance over the region, Spain orchestrated a large-scale military operation in 1925, which included an amphibious landing at Al Hoceima. This landing involved troops from the Spanish Foreign Legion, a highly trained and elite military unit known for its effectiveness in tough terrain and situations.

Upon landing, Franco's troops quickly engaged with Berber forces, employing superior firepower and military strategies. The initial operations aimed to secure Al Hoceima and establish a base for further incursions into the Rif mountains. The campaign was characterized by fierce fighting, with both sides facing heavy casualties, but ultimately the technological advantage and numbers of the Spanish forces began to turn the tide. Franco, who would later become a prominent figure in Spanish history, demonstrated significant military prowess during this campaign, which would further his career.

This military engagement marked a crucial point in the Spanish effort to pacify the Rif region and suppress the nationalist movements. Franco’s strategies and the collaboration with other military units, including Moroccan allies, played a vital role in altering the course of the war. This period laid the groundwork for future conflicts in the region and influenced the dynamics of colonial rule in North Africa.