After the successful capture of Herod's Palace, the Roman forces under the command of Titus advanced into Jerusalem to secure their newfound dominance over the city. This action came in the midst of the First Jewish-Roman War, a conflict that had begun in 66 CE due to rising tensions between the Roman Empire and the Jewish population in Judea. The siege had resulted in severe suffering for the residents and a significant loss of life among both combatants and non-combatants throughout the city. Titus, son of Emperor Vespasian, was tasked with quelling the uprising and restoring Roman authority, and after breaching the city's defenses, he ordered a systematic plunder of its wealth. This included the pillaging of temples, homes, and marketplaces, amplifying the devastation already wrought by the Roman military campaign.

Titus's actions were not merely retaliatory; they were strategic as he aimed to demonstrate the might of Rome while suppressing any further resistance. With the fall of Jerusalem, the Romans also sent a message of unyielding control over Judea, effectively crushing the hopes of those fighting for independence. The event solidified Rome's power in the region, leading to its eventual annexation as a province. The temples, cultural sites, and infrastructures were irreparably damaged or destroyed, changing the religious landscape of Judaism and Christianity for centuries to come.