Alexis Carrel
Surgeon and biologist, Nobel laureate
Born
June 28th, 1873
152 years ago
Died
November 5th, 1944
80 years ago — 71 years old
Category
Scientists & Innovators
Country
France
Links & References
Contributed significantly to the fields of surgery and biology. Conducted pioneering work in vascular surgery and developed techniques for organ transplantation. Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1912 for contributions to surgical techniques and organ preservation. Worked extensively in tissue culture, laying foundational aspects for future biological research. Served as a professor at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, where further research into organ transplantation and surgical methods occurred.
Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1912
Pioneered techniques in vascular surgery
Developed methods for organ preservation and transplantation
Other People Born on June 28th
Emperor Go-Fukakusa
Became emperor of Japan in 1246 and reigned until 1259. During the reign, significant administrative changes took place within the imperial court. Following abdication, served as a retired emperor, influencing politics behind the scenes. The period saw ongoing conflicts between the imperial court and warrior clans, impacting the political landscape of the time. His reign was part of the Kamakura era, marked by the emergence of the samurai class and a shift in power dynamics.
Continue ReadingJessica Hecht
An American actress achieved notable recognition through performances in television and theater. In theater, appeared in prominent Broadway productions, including 'A View from the Bridge' and 'The Last Five Years'. On television, gained fame as Susan Bunch in the series 'Friends', which aired from 1994 to 2004. Later, featured in the critically acclaimed series 'Breaking Bad' as Gretchen Schwartz, contributing to the series' significant popularity and critical success. The combination of theatrical talent and television roles showcased versatility and depth in craft.
Continue ReadingAugust Zamoyski
Born in Poland, became a notable sculptor in France, contributing to the art scene of the 20th century. Studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw and later moved to Paris, where creations included figurative sculptures. Participated in various exhibitions across Europe, showcasing work primarily in bronze and stone. Gained recognition for blending traditional techniques with modern themes, reflecting both Polish heritage and French influences.
Continue ReadingKlaus von Klitzing
A German physicist contributed significantly to the field of condensed matter physics. Received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1985 for the discovery of the quantum Hall effect, a phenomenon that has had a profound impact on the understanding of electrical properties of two-dimensional systems. Worked at the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research and held positions in various academic institutions. Published numerous scientific papers and mentored many students throughout a distinguished career in academia.
Continue ReadingJohn Boyle O'Reilly
An Irish-born poet, journalist, and fiction writer, this individual played a significant role in the literary world of the late 19th century. After being sentenced to prison in Ireland, a daring escape led to a new life in America. In the United States, contributions included writing for the Boston Pilot and publishing several acclaimed poetry collections. Works often reflected themes of freedom, social justice, and the Irish experience, earning admiration among readers and writers alike. The legacy includes promoting Irish nationalism and voices of the oppressed through both poetry and journalism.
Continue ReadingDonald Johanson
A prominent paleontologist and academic, significant contributions were made to the study of human evolution. Discovered a 3.2-million-year-old hominid fossil named Lucy in 1974 in Ethiopia, which provided critical insights into early human ancestors. Established the Institute of Human Origins in 1981 to focus on research and education related to human evolution. Authored several books and articles on the subject, furthering the understanding of paleoanthropology.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on November 5th
Isaiah Berlin
Born in Latvia, a significant philosopher and historian, contributed extensively to political theory, particularly concerning liberalism and pluralism. Became a prominent figure in the mid-20th century intellectual landscape, articulating the complexities of human values and freedoms. One of the most acclaimed works, 'Two Concepts of Liberty', distinguished between negative and positive liberty, influencing subsequent philosophical discourse. Served as a professor at Oxford University, shaping generations of thinkers. Addressed the implications of political ideologies throughout history, providing critical insights into the nature of human thought and action.
Continue ReadingLionel Trilling
Engaged in literary and cultural criticism through essays and fiction. Contributed to various publications, including The New Yorker. Served as a professor at Columbia University, influencing generations of students. Explored themes of liberalism in American literature and politics. Authored significant works such as 'The Liberal Imagination' which scrutinizes cultural perspectives in mid-20th century America.
Continue ReadingLuigi Facta
Born in 1861, a significant figure in Italian politics and journalism. Served as Prime Minister of Italy from 1922 to 1924. Played a crucial role during a tumultuous political era marked by rising fascism. Contributed to the establishment of several policies while in office. Later faced challenges from political adversaries, leading to resignation amid increasing fascist influence.
Continue ReadingJan Oort
Contributed significantly to the field of astronomy, particularly in the study of galaxies and the structure of the Milky Way. Proposed the existence of the Oort Cloud, a theoretical cloud of icy bodies believed to surround the solar system. Served as a professor at Leiden University and published numerous papers in astrophysics. Played a crucial role in advancing radio astronomy in the Netherlands.
Continue ReadingJames Robert Baker
An author and screenwriter, notable works include the novel 'Fat City' and the screenplay for 'Demon Seed.' Baker's writing focused on themes of sexuality, identity, and the darker aspects of human nature. He gained recognition for his innovative narrative style and contribution to LGBTQ literature. His work often explored complex relationships and social commentary, making significant contributions to literature and film during his career.
Continue ReadingArpad Elo
Significant contributions to chess rankings through the Elo rating system, which standardized player rankings based on match results. Developed this system while working as a physicist and chess player. The Elo system is widely used in various competitive scenarios beyond chess. Published works on chess theory and rating, greatly influencing how player performance is evaluated in tournaments.
Continue Reading