Calvin Coolidge
30th President of the United States
Served as the 30th President of the United States from 1923 to 1929. Initially took office following the death of Warren G. Harding. Implemented economic policies that favored business interests and emphasized limited government involvement in the economy. Advocated for tax reductions and maintained a hands-off approach to economic issues during the Roaring Twenties. Focused on maintaining peace and stability in the post-World War I era. His administration is often associated with the significant economic growth of the 1920s. Elected to a full term in 1924.
Promoted economic policies favoring business
Lowered taxes during his administration
Completed the term of Warren G. Harding
Won the 1924 presidential election
Other People Born on July 4th
Gérard Debreu
Economist and mathematician, Nobel laureate
Born
July 4th, 1921 104 years ago
Died
December 31st, 2004 20 years ago — 83 years old
An economist and mathematician contributed significantly to the field of economic theory. Developed the concept of 'general equilibrium' in economics, elaborating on the conditions under which supply equals demand in multiple markets. Published seminal works that combined aspects of mathematics and economics, most notably 'Theory of Value' in 1959. Received the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel in 1983 for contributions to understanding market behavior.
Continue ReadingAlluri Sitarama Raju
Indian activist and revolutionary leader
Born
July 4th, 1897 128 years ago
Died
May 7th, 1924 101 years ago — 26 years old
An Indian activist, played a pivotal role in the Indian independence movement against British rule in the 1920s. Engaged in the fight for the rights of tribal populations, initiated the Rampa Rebellion in 1922 in the Eastern Ghats of India. Advocated for the rights of local villagers and fought against oppressive policies imposed by the British government. Became a prominent figure in the struggle for freedom, rallying support from local communities and employing guerrilla tactics.
Continue ReadingGiuseppe Garibaldi
Italian general and politician
Born
July 4th, 1807 218 years ago
Died
June 2nd, 1882 143 years ago — 74 years old
Born in 1807, a significant figure in the Italian unification movement, played a critical role in the Risorgimento. Commanded the Expedition of the Thousand in 1860, leading volunteer troops to conquer Sicily and Naples, contributing to the establishment of a unified Italy. Additionally, served in various campaigns in South America, advocating for democratic governance and social reforms. Held positions in the Italian government post-unification, further shaping the nation's political landscape.
Continue ReadingLeona Helmsley
American hotelier and real estate leader
Born
July 4th, 1920 105 years ago
Died
August 20th, 2007 18 years ago — 87 years old
A prominent business figure in the hotel and real estate industry, operated the Helmsley Hotels. Gained notoriety for operating high-end hotels in New York City, including the famous Parker Meridien and the Grand Hyatt. Her business strategies and controversies garnered significant media attention throughout her career. Became a key figure in the New York social scene during the 1980s, often associated with luxury living and extravagant lifestyles. Her legal troubles in the late 1980s and her eventual conviction for tax evasion, which led to a four-year prison sentence, marked significant turning points in her life.
Continue ReadingJames Anthony Bailey
Co-founder of Ringling Bros. Circus
Born
July 4th, 1847 178 years ago
Died
April 11th, 1906 119 years ago — 58 years old
Co-founded Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus, which became one of the most famous circuses in the United States. Established the circus as a major entertainment entity in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Played a key role in organizing and promoting large-scale circus performances and events, contributing to the circus's growth and national prominence.
Continue ReadingRichard Garriott
Video game designer, Ultima series creator
Born
July 4th, 1961 64 years ago
An English-American video game designer, contributions include the development of the Ultima series, which significantly influenced the role-playing game genre. Garriott's work extended beyond game design; he pursued a successful career as an entrepreneur and involved himself in the gaming community through various innovations. Garriott held a strong interest in technology, used it to explore the virtual worlds he created, and was one of the first developers to leverage online gaming. His dedication to the medium culminated in exploration of space as part of a commercial flight in 2008.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on January 5th
Kumar Ponnambalam
Sri Lankan Tamil lawyer and politician
Born
1938 87 years ago
Died
January 5th, 2000 25 years ago — 62 years old
A prominent lawyer and political figure in Sri Lanka, focused on the rights of the Tamil community. Served as a Member of Parliament and played a pivotal role in legal advocacy for minority rights. Engaged in various political activities aimed at addressing grievances faced by Tamils in Sri Lanka. Actively participated in discussions and negotiations regarding the political situation in the country during the ethnic conflict period.
Continue ReadingFelix Manz
Swiss Anabaptist martyr and leader
Born
1498 527 years ago
Died
January 5th, 1527 498 years ago — 29 years old
A prominent figure in the Anabaptist movement, one of the earliest proponents of adult baptism during the Protestant Reformation. Played a significant role in establishing the Anabaptist faith in Zurich, Switzerland. Manz was arrested for his beliefs and subsequently executed by drowning in 1527, becoming a martyr for the Anabaptist cause. His death highlighted the severe persecution faced by Anabaptists during this period.
Continue ReadingBernice Sandler
Women's rights activist and Title IX advocate
Born
1928 97 years ago
Died
January 5th, 2019 6 years ago — 91 years old
A prominent women's rights activist, dedicated efforts focused on gender equity in education. Played a crucial role in the development and implementation of Title IX, a federal law that prohibits sex-based discrimination in federally funded education programs. Contributed to various advocacy organizations and worked extensively to raise awareness regarding women's rights and equity issues within educational institutions.
Continue ReadingMarko Marulić
Croatian poet and founder of literature
Born
August 18th, 1450 575 years ago
Died
January 5th, 1524 501 years ago — 73 years old
Renowned as the father of Croatian literature, made significant contributions through poetry and prose. Achieved prominence with the epic poem 'Judita,' which showcased the themes of heroism and faith. His works laid the foundations for the Croatian literary tradition and influenced subsequent generations of writers. Engaged in civic life as well, promoting cultural and religious values through literary expression.
Continue ReadingArthur Kennedy
American actor in film and theater
Born
February 17th, 1914 111 years ago
Died
January 5th, 1990 35 years ago — 75 years old
An American actor had a prolific career spanning several decades in both film and theater. Achieved critical acclaim for performances in various genres, particularly in dramatic roles. Appeared in celebrated productions on Broadway, showcasing remarkable acting skills that earned several accolades. Featured prominently in films such as 'The Best Years of Our Lives', gaining recognition for exceptional artistry. Worked alongside numerous prominent filmmakers and actors, leaving a lasting impression in the industry.
Continue ReadingJoseph Lelyveld
Journalist and executive editor, The New York Times
Born
1937 88 years ago
Died
January 5th, 2024 1 years ago — 87 years old
An American journalist served as executive editor of The New York Times. Lelyveld began his career in journalism at The New York Times, contributing as a reporter and editor for several decades. He focused on foreign affairs and held positions as the chief of the newspaper's bureau in several international locations. Under his leadership, the newspaper won numerous awards, including Pulitzer Prizes. After retiring from daily journalism, he authored books that examined important historical and social issues, further contributing to public discourse through his writing.
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