Carl Friedrich Goerdeler
Economist and politician; resistance leader
Born
Died
Category
Leaders & Politicians
Country
Germany
Links & References
An economist and politician, dedicated efforts to oppose the Nazi regime. Served as the mayor of Leipzig from 1930 to 1937. Involved in various plots to overthrow Adolf Hitler, notably the July 20 plot in 1944. Following the assassination attempt on Hitler, was captured and executed.
Served as the mayor of Leipzig from 1930 to 1937
Participated in the July 20 plot to assassinate Hitler
Wrote a plan for post-war Germany
Other People Born on July 31st
Whitney Young
American civil rights activist
Born
July 31st, 1921 104 years ago
Died
March 11th, 1971 55 years ago — 49 years old
A prominent civil rights leader, played a crucial role in advancing social justice and equality through the Urban League. Focused on expanding economic opportunities for African Americans, emphasized the importance of economic empowerment as a means to achieve civil rights. Worked closely with various organizations and governmental entities to influence policy. Made significant efforts in desegregating schools and workplaces, advocating for fair housing and employment practices. His leadership in the civil rights movement contributed to legislative advancements.
Continue ReadingRobert C. Merton
Economist and Nobel Prize laureate
Born
July 31st, 1944 81 years ago
Significant contributions to financial economics. Developed the Black-Scholes model for option pricing alongside Fischer Black and Myron Scholes, earning a Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 1997. Contributed to the development of risk management techniques and dynamic asset allocation strategies. Held academic positions at renowned institutions, including Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University. Published numerous influential papers and books in finance, shaping the understanding of derivative instruments and market behavior.
Continue ReadingJohn Ericsson
Swedish-American engineer and inventor
Born
July 31st, 1803 222 years ago
Died
March 8th, 1889 137 years ago — 85 years old
Swedish-American engineer and inventor contributed significantly to naval engineering and mechanical design. Developed the first practical marine screw propeller, which transformed naval architecture. Engineered the ironclad warship USS Monitor during the American Civil War, notable for its battle against the CSS Virginia. His work in steam power included the design of various ships and improvements in engine efficiency.
Continue ReadingPrimo Levi
Italian chemist and Holocaust author
Born
July 31st, 1919 106 years ago
Died
April 11th, 1987 39 years ago — 67 years old
A chemist and writer, recognized for literary works exploring personal experiences during the Holocaust. Published the memoir 'Survival in Auschwitz,' detailing experiences in the concentration camp, and the book 'The Periodic Table,' which combines chemistry and memoir, reflecting on life through elements. Contributed to literature with essays and fiction, deeply influenced by the events of World War II.
Continue ReadingLouisa Bolus
South African botanist and taxonomist
Born
July 31st, 1877 148 years ago
Died
April 5th, 1970 56 years ago — 92 years old
Contributed significantly to the study of South African flora, specializing in the taxonomy of flowering plants. Held a strong interest in succulent plants, particularly those of the genera Crassula and Mesembryanthemum. Actively participated in botanical societies and education, fostering a deeper understanding of plant classification and conservation. Published numerous scientific papers and descriptions of new species, aiding in the advancement of botanical knowledge.
Continue ReadingGeorge Henry Thomas
Union General in the American Civil War
Born
July 31st, 1816 209 years ago
Died
March 28th, 1870 156 years ago — 53 years old
A prominent Union general during the American Civil War, played a crucial role in several significant battles. Graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1840 and initially served in the Mexican-American War. Commanded Union forces at the Battle of Chickamauga and the Battle of Nashville, where decisive victories were achieved against Confederate troops. Earned the nickname 'Rock of Chickamauga' for steadfastness during the Battle of Chickamauga. After the war, served in various military roles, including overseeing the Department of the Cumberland.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on February 2nd
Don Murray
American actor in TV and film
Born
July 31st, 1929 96 years ago
Died
February 2nd, 2024 2 years ago — 94 years old
An American actor gained prominence in the 1950s. Starred in the movie 'Bus Stop' alongside Marilyn Monroe, which showcased a compelling performance. Earned an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor for the film 'Pillars of the Sky'. His career included significant roles in television, including a recurring part on the acclaimed series 'Knots Landing'. Worked extensively on stage, appearing in various Broadway productions. Continued to act for several decades, cementing a legacy in both film and television.
Continue ReadingKatoucha Niane
Guinean model and author
Born
October 23rd, 1960 65 years ago
Died
February 2nd, 2008 18 years ago — 47 years old
Began modeling career in the late 1980s and worked with several prestigious fashion houses. Featured in major fashion shows and campaigns, including those for Jean-Paul Gaultier and Yves Saint Laurent. Authored a memoir detailing experiences in the fashion industry as well as her life in Guinea. Expanded her influence by participating in various cultural and humanitarian initiatives.
Continue ReadingGrigory Landsberg
Russian physicist and academic
Born
1890 136 years ago
Died
February 2nd, 1957 69 years ago — 67 years old
An influential physicist and academic, contributions spanned several areas of physics, particularly in optics and photonics. Developed theories and experimental techniques which advanced understanding in these fields. Held positions at prominent institutes, fostering research and education in physics. Authored several publications that contributed to advancements in scientific knowledge.
Continue ReadingNatalie Clifford Barney
American author and playwright
Born
October 31st, 1876 149 years ago
Died
February 2nd, 1972 54 years ago — 95 years old
An influential author, poet, and playwright, contributed significantly to literature in the early 20th century. Founded the literary salon in Paris that became a hub for writers and intellectuals. Authored numerous works, including the celebrated play "The One Who Is Not." Published several poetry collections that explored themes of love and identity. Promoted feminist ideals and LGBTQ+ rights through writings and advocacy.
Continue ReadingBruno
Duke of Saxony
Died
February 2nd, 880 1146 years ago — None years old
Ruled as duke of Saxony and played a significant role in the Carolingian Empire under Charlemagne. Built relationships with the Frankish rulers and contributed to the Christianization efforts in the region. Established territories that would later be central to the development of the Holy Roman Empire. Under leadership, Saxony became a pivotal part of early medieval European politics and culture.
Continue ReadingGiovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
Composer of sacred choral music
Born
1525 501 years ago
Died
February 2nd, 1594 432 years ago — 69 years old
An Italian composer of the Renaissance period, focused on sacred music. Established a style that influenced the development of choral music. Served as the music director at various churches in Italy and educated many students in composition. The body of work includes various masses, motets, and hymns, with a clear focus on polyphonic texture and clarity of text. Contributed to the formulation of the canon of church music and is often associated with the development of the Roman School of composition.
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