Charles III of Spain
King of Spain and influential monarch
Ruled as King of Spain from 1759 until death in 1788. Charles III implemented extensive reforms to modernize Spain, enhancing the economy and administrative efficiency. His reign is marked by significant cultural developments, including patronage of the arts and architecture. Established the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando and promoted science, education, and public works. Efforts towards secularization and a focus on the Enlightenment ideals defined his leadership.
Promoted the Bourbon Reforms to modernize Spain
Patronized the arts, including Goya's early work
Established the botanical garden in Madrid
Led Spain during the American Revolutionary War
Other People Born on January 20th
DeForest Kelley
Actor, Dr. Leonard McCoy in Star Trek
Born
January 20th, 1920 106 years ago
Died
June 11th, 1999 26 years ago — 79 years old
An American actor achieved recognition for the role of Dr. Leonard McCoy in the original Star Trek television series and subsequent films. Studied at the H. Leslie New-com Theatre in Hollywood and began a career in radio and television before landing prominent roles in Westerns. Joined the cast of Star Trek in 1966, portraying the ship's chief medical officer, contributing to the show's cultural impact and legacy. Continued to reprise the role in multiple television series and films until the late 1990s. Starred in the films Star Trek: The Motion Picture, Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan, and others. Received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1983.
Continue ReadingJosef Hofmann
Pianist and composer, famous for performances
Born
January 20th, 1876 150 years ago
Died
February 16th, 1957 68 years ago — 81 years old
Born in Poland, a talented pianist and composer achieved prominence in the early 20th century. Studied at the Warsaw Conservatory and later in Berlin. Gained international recognition for virtuosic performances and innovative compositions. Served as a piano professor at the Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia. Composed several works for piano and orchestra, integrating classical traditions with personal style. Actively performed throughout Europe and the United States, influencing many students and fellow musicians.
Continue ReadingYvonne Loriod
French pianist and composer
Born
January 20th, 1924 102 years ago
Died
May 17th, 2010 15 years ago — 86 years old
A prominent pianist and composer, contributions included significant works in contemporary classical music. Loriod was celebrated for interpretations of works by her husband, composer Olivier Messiaen. She played a vital role in presenting many of his compositions and recognized the need for expanded performance techniques. Loriod also contributed to piano repertoire, composing original works that are performed by pianists worldwide. Affiliation with the Paris Conservatory further cemented her influence in the music education field.
Continue ReadingWakanohana Masaru
Japanese Sumo Wrestler, 66th Yokozuna
Born
January 20th, 1971 55 years ago
Born in 1971, one of the leading sumo wrestlers in Japan, achieved the rank of Yokozuna, the highest rank in sumo. Competed in the top division during the 1990s and early 2000s, demonstrating impressive skill and strength. Earned numerous championships and accolades throughout a successful career.
Continue ReadingAndré-Marie Ampère
French physicist and mathematician
Born
January 20th, 1775 251 years ago
Died
June 10th, 1836 189 years ago — 61 years old
Contributed to the foundation of electrodynamics and made significant advancements in physics and mathematics. Ampère defined the relationship between electric current and magnetic fields, laying the groundwork for the field of electromagnetism. His work led to the formulation of Ampère's Law, which quantifies the magnetic force generated by electric currents. Additionally, he co-founded the field of electrodynamics, which focuses on the interactions between electrical charges and currents. The unit of electric current, the ampere, was named in his honor.
Continue ReadingElizabeth of Bohemia
Queen Consort of Bohemia
Born
January 20th, 1292 734 years ago
Died
September 28th, 1330 695 years ago — 38 years old
Born on January 20, 1292, the queen consort played a significant role in the political landscape of the Holy Roman Empire through marriage to John I of Bohemia. Her position allowed her to influence the dynamics between the various principalities during a time of significant political strife. Elizabeth was the daughter of the Count of Luxembourg. Throughout her life, she demonstrated resilience and strength, navigating the challenges of her husband's reign. After John I returned from the Battle of Crécy, Elizabeth managed the affairs of the court and maintained relations with various noble families. Her legacy continued through her children, who played key roles in subsequent European politics.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on December 14th
Neva Patterson
American actress, 'The Ghost and Mrs. Muir'
Born
February 10th, 1920 105 years ago
Died
December 14th, 2010 15 years ago — 90 years old
An accomplished actress in film and television from the mid-20th century. Gained recognition for depth of characters portrayed in both comedy and drama. Featured prominently in the television series 'The Ghost and Mrs. Muir' as well as significant roles in films such as 'The Seven Year Itch' and 'The Young Doctors'. Her career spanned several decades, showcasing versatility on stage and screen, earning respect in the entertainment industry.
Continue ReadingPaulo Evaristo Arns
Brazilian cardinal and activist
Born
1921 105 years ago
Died
December 14th, 2016 9 years ago — 95 years old
Served as the Archbishop of São Paulo from 1970 to 1998. Played a significant role in advocating for human rights during the military dictatorship in Brazil. Promoted social justice and worked to improve the conditions of the poor and marginalized. Contributed to the development of liberation theology, emphasizing the need for the church to address social issues. Actively participated in public debates on religious and political matters, gaining prominence for work in pastoral care and social activism.
Continue ReadingEdward Jones
American police officer and politician
Born
1950 76 years ago
Died
December 14th, 2012 13 years ago — 62 years old
Served as a police officer in the United States before transitioning into a political career. He held various local government positions, contributing to law enforcement policy and community safety initiatives. His work in politics encompassed efforts in community engagement, public service, and advocacy for police reform. Jones' career spanned several decades, during which he aimed to improve relations between law enforcement and the communities served.
Continue ReadingDennis Lindley
Statistician and academic in England
Born
1923 103 years ago
Died
December 14th, 2013 12 years ago — 90 years old
Contributed significantly to the field of statistics, with a focus on Bayesian inference and decision theory. Worked as a professor and held various academic positions throughout a lengthy career. Published numerous influential papers and books, including works on the foundations of statistics and Bayesian methods. Advocated for the application of statistics in various fields, emphasizing its importance in decision-making processes.
Continue ReadingFred Thurston
American football player, Super Bowl champion
Born
1933 93 years ago
Died
December 14th, 2014 11 years ago — 81 years old
A professional American football player, played as an offensive lineman in the National Football League (NFL) for the New York Giants and the Minnesota Vikings from 1955 to 1964. Contributed to the Giants' victory in the NFL Championship in 1956, which was the team's first championship. Played in Super Bowl III with the Vikings. After retiring from football, engaged in coaching and mentoring young athletes. Over the years, served as a role model in the community.
Continue ReadingYu Kwang-chung
Chinese writer and poet
Born
1928 98 years ago
Died
December 14th, 2017 8 years ago — 89 years old
A significant figure in contemporary Chinese literature, contributions spanned poetry, essays, and translations. Born in 1926, early education began in Beijing, followed by studies in Taiwan. Focus shifted towards exploring identity and cultural displacement through writing. Later, settled in the United States where engagement with literary communities continued. Works often reflected personal experiences and societal observations. Received numerous accolades throughout his career, highlighting the importance of literary contribution to Chinese culture both domestically and abroad. His legacy continues through various publications, with notable emphasis on poetic expression.
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