Christopher Kelk Ingold
British chemist and reaction kinetics expert
British chemist and reaction kinetics expert
1970
56 years ago — 77 years old
Scientists & Innovators
United Kingdom
A chemist contributed significantly to the field of organic chemistry. Ingold's work on reaction mechanisms established the principles of nucleophilic substitution and addition reactions. Served as a professor at University College London and later became a Fellow of the Royal Society. Authored influential textbooks that shaped modern organic chemistry education. Received numerous awards for contributions to the field.
Developed the Ingold rules for reaction mechanisms
Published 'Structure and Mechanism in Organic Chemistry'
Contributed to the understanding of electronic effects in organic reactions
A prominent chef and culinary writer, revolutionized French cuisine in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Developed classic dishes and refined cooking techniques, elevating culinary arts to a professional standard. Authored influential cookbooks, including 'Le Guide Culinaire,' which served as a cornerstone of modern cooking. Established the kitchen brigade system that organized kitchens into specialized roles, enhancing efficiency in culinary operations. Founded the renowned Savoy Hotel in London.
Continue ReadingAn English soldier, novelist, journalist, and critic, this individual became prominent in the early 20th century. Initial military service took place during World War II, followed by a literary career highlighted by sharp social commentary and satire. Major works include 'A Handful of Dust' and 'Brideshead Revisited', the latter exploring themes of faith and friendship among the British aristocracy. Contributions to literature expanded through essays and criticism, addressing cultural and political issues of the time.
Continue ReadingEstablished judo as a modern martial art. Developed the principles of maximum efficiency and mutual welfare in training and competition. Opened the first judo school in Tokyo in 1882, promoting the sport's philosophy and techniques. Contributed to the physical education curriculum in Japan and facilitated judo's global expansion. Played a significant role in the development of the International Judo Federation.
Continue ReadingA pioneering physicist and chemist contributed significantly to the understanding of liquefaction of gases. Conducted important experiments on the liquefaction of oxygen and nitrogen, leading to advancements in low-temperature physics. Held a professorship at the University of Lviv and was involved in the establishment of the Lviv Scientific Society. Collaborated with notable scientists and was a key figure in the early development of cryogenics.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1816, a prominent German writer contributed significantly to literature, focusing on themes of feminism and social criticism. Active in the 19th century, wrote essays and novels that addressed women's rights and societal issues. Friends with notable figures such as Heinrich Heine and contributed to the intellectual discourse of the era. Her major work included 'Das Geheimnis der Frauen' which explored the challenges faced by women in society. Engaged in cultural and literary circles, her writings influenced contemporaries and later generations.
Continue ReadingServed as the last shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate from 1867 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868. Focused on political reform and modernization efforts in response to internal and external pressures. Ultimately resigned and returned power to the emperor, marking the end of military governance in Japan. The restoration initiated significant political, social, and economic changes in the country.
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