Clemens Krauss
Conductor of the Vienna State Opera
Born in Austria, this conductor gained prominence in the early to mid-20th century, notably leading the Vienna State Opera and the Bavarian State Opera. Renowned for expertise in conducting operas, particularly those by Richard Strauss and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Worked extensively in both Germany and Austria, influencing the performances of many operatic masterpieces. Also served as a conductor for various orchestras across Europe, leaving a lasting legacy in classical music. Participated in conducting the first performance of Strauss's 'Ariadne auf Naxos' in 1916.
Conducted at the Vienna State Opera
Led the Munich Philharmonic
Conducted first performance of 'Ariadne auf Naxos'
Other People Born on March 31st
Mariana Victoria of Spain
Spanish Infanta and Queen consort
Born
March 31st, 1718 307 years ago
Died
1781 245 years ago — 63 years old
Born in 1718, Mariana Victoria of Spain was an Infanta of Spain and later became the Queen consort of Portugal through marriage. She was a daughter of King Philip V of Spain and Queen consort Maria Luis of Savoy. In 1729, she married King Joseph I of Portugal, thus solidifying an important political alliance between Spain and Portugal. During her time as queen consort, she contributed to the Portuguese court's cultural life and had a significant role in the upbringing of the royal children. Her marriage marked a period of relative peace between the two kingdoms, and she navigated the complex political landscape of the Iberian Peninsula.
Continue ReadingJohn Fowles
English Novelist, author of 'The French Lieutenant's Woman'
Born
March 31st, 1926 99 years ago
Died
November 5th, 2005 20 years ago — 79 years old
An English novelist, Fowles gained prominence with his literary contributions in the mid to late 20th century. His breakthrough work, 'The French Lieutenant's Woman', published in 1969, blended historical fiction with existential themes. Fowles explored the intersections of freedom and fate, often challenging narrative conventions. Other notable works include 'The Collector', his debut novel released in 1963, which delved into psychological themes of obsession and power. Fowles also published essays and nonfiction, including explorations of literature and philosophy, further establishing his reputation as a significant literary figure.
Continue ReadingPope Pius IV
Pope and reformer of the Catholic Church
Born
March 31st, 1499 526 years ago
Died
December 9th, 1565 460 years ago — 66 years old
Served as the Pope from 1559 until 1565. Convened the final sessions of the Council of Trent, which was a significant ecumenical council that addressed church reform and clarified Catholic doctrine in response to the Protestant Reformation. Oversaw the implementation of reforms aimed at correcting abuses within the church. Strengthened the Roman Catholic Church's position throughout Europe during a time of significant religious upheaval.
Continue ReadingDavid Steel
Scottish politician and academic leader
Born
March 31st, 1938 87 years ago
A prominent Scottish politician and academic, played a significant role in the Scottish Parliament, serving as its first Presiding Officer from 1999 to 2003. Contributed to the Liberal Democrat party's policies and governance, representing the constituency of Edinburgh East and Musselburgh from 1997 to 2001. His educational background includes a strong focus on law and social policy, which influenced his political career and leadership style. Engaged in various initiatives aimed at improving education and public service in Scotland.
Continue ReadingHenry II of France
King of France during the Renaissance
Born
March 31st, 1519 506 years ago
Died
1559 467 years ago — 40 years old
Ruled as King of France from 1547 until 1559. His reign marked the height of the Renaissance in France, characterized by cultural and artistic flourishing. He was involved in various military conflicts, including the Habsburg Wars, and attempted to expand French influence in Italy. His marriage to Catherine de' Medici strengthened political alliances. The end of his reign was marked by a jousting accident that led to his death.
Continue ReadingPhilippa of Lancaster
Portuguese queen, wife of Afonso V
Born
March 31st, 1360 665 years ago
Died
July 19th, 1415 610 years ago — 55 years old
A Portuguese queen, played a significant role in the early 15th century as the spouse of King Afonso V of Portugal. Marrying Afonso V in 1420, contributed to strengthening the alliance between England and Portugal during the Hundred Years' War. Her marriage symbolized the bond between the two nations, reflecting political strategies of the time. Managed royal affairs during her husband's military campaigns, especially when he focused on overseas exploration and territorial expansion. Died in 1415, leaving a legacy intertwined with the political dynamics of the Iberian Peninsula and beyond.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on May 16th
Bruno Tesch
German chemist and businessman
Born
August 14th, 1890 135 years ago
Died
May 16th, 1946 79 years ago — 55 years old
A chemist and businessman, contributed to the development of chemical products for various applications. Co-founded a chemical company that specialized in the manufacturing of pest control agents. Conducted research in the field of organic chemistry, focusing on the synthesis of innovative compounds. Engaged in commercial ventures throughout his career, combining scientific knowledge with business acumen.
Continue ReadingPiet Blauw
Dutch Politician and Public Official
Born
1937 89 years ago
Died
May 16th, 2019 6 years ago — 82 years old
A prominent figure in Dutch politics, served as a member of the House of Representatives. Held various positions within the government, focusing on social policies and public welfare. Played a significant role in shaping legislative developments during tenure and was active in community initiatives.
Continue ReadingRobert Mondavi
Winemaker and philanthropist with famous winery
Born
June 18th, 1913 112 years ago
Died
May 16th, 2008 17 years ago — 94 years old
A prominent winemaker established a winery in Napa Valley, California, in 1966. Played a significant role in bringing California wines to international recognition. Focused on producing high-quality wines and promoting viticulture techniques. Contributed to the wine industry through various philanthropic efforts, including the establishment of educational programs for wine enthusiasts and industry professionals.
Continue ReadingEliot Ness
Law enforcement agent and Prohibition agent
Born
April 19th, 1903 122 years ago
Died
May 16th, 1957 68 years ago — 54 years old
Served in law enforcement during the Prohibition era and gained fame as the leader of the Untouchables, a special unit tasked with enforcing prohibition laws in Chicago. Targeted the notorious gangster Al Capone and played a significant role in his conviction for tax evasion. Later became Public Safety Director of Cleveland, where significant reforms were implemented in the police department and city safety policies. Authored an autobiography detailing experiences and obstacles faced in combating organized crime.
Continue ReadingGeorge A. Malcolm
American lawyer and jurist
Born
November 5th, 1881 144 years ago
Died
May 16th, 1961 64 years ago — 79 years old
Born in 1881, Malcolm served as a prominent lawyer and jurist in the United States. He participated in significant legal proceedings and contributed to various legal opinions that shaped jurisprudence. Malcolm held various judicial positions and was involved in important court cases during his career, which spanned several decades. His work as a legal scholar also impacted the understanding of certain laws and practices in the American legal system.
Continue ReadingBruno Covas
Brazilian politician and lawyer
Born
April 7th, 1980 45 years ago
Died
May 16th, 2021 4 years ago — 41 years old
Served as the Mayor of São Paulo from 2017 until his death in 2021. Began a political career in the state legislature of São Paulo and later became a city council member. Managed various initiatives focused on urban development and public health. Prior to becoming mayor, held the position of Secretary of Urban Development in the São Paulo government.
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