Guy Fawkes
English conspirator and plot leader
An Englishman involved in the Gunpowder Plot of 1605, Fawkes sought to assassinate King James I and blow up the House of Lords, aiming to restore a Catholic monarch to the throne. Fawkes was assigned to guard the explosives placed beneath Parliament. The plot was discovered on November 5, 1605, leading to his arrest and torture. Fawkes was tried and executed in January 1606. His actions have led to the annual observance of Bonfire Night in the UK, marking the failure of the plot and serving as a reminder of the event.
Leader of the Gunpowder Plot
Attempted assassination of King James I
Other People Born on April 13th
Claude Cheysson
French politician and Foreign Minister
Born
April 13th, 1920 105 years ago
Died
2012 14 years ago — 92 years old
Served as a French lieutenant and later entered politics, holding the position of Minister of Foreign Affairs. Played a significant role in shaping French foreign policy during the 1980s. Engaged in various diplomatic efforts and represented France in key international discussions.
Continue ReadingMaurice Buckley
Australian sergeant in World War I
Born
April 13th, 1891 134 years ago
Died
January 27th, 1921 105 years ago — 29 years old
Served as a sergeant in the Australian Imperial Force during World War I. Participated in significant battles, including the Battle of the Somme. Demonstrated leadership and bravery in combat situations. Wounded in action, contributing to the war efforts through service in the trenches. His tenure ended with his death in 1921, marking a significant period in Australian military history.
Continue ReadingLiam Cosgrave
Irish politician, 6th Taoiseach of Ireland
Born
April 13th, 1920 105 years ago
Died
2017 9 years ago — 97 years old
Served as Taoiseach from 1973 to 1977, representing the National Party. Instrumental in navigating Ireland through economic challenges during his term. Oversaw significant political developments and policy implementations in the country. Worked as a lawyer prior to entering politics, contributing to various legal and political discussions.
Continue ReadingCatherine de' Medici
Italian-French Queen, patron of the arts
Born
April 13th, 1519 506 years ago
Died
1589 437 years ago — 70 years old
Born into the powerful Medici family in Italy, played a crucial role as the queen consort of Henry II of France. Following her husband's death, served as regent for her sons, advocating for the Catholic cause amid the French Wars of Religion. Patronized the arts and was instrumental in the cultural transformation of France during the Renaissance. Established the legacy of French cuisine and introduced Italian culinary practices to the French court. Her political acumen and connections helped solidify the Medici influence in France.
Continue ReadingRoberto Calvi
Italian banker and financial executive
Born
April 13th, 1920 105 years ago
Died
June 17th, 1982 43 years ago — 62 years old
Worked as a banker in Italy, leading Banco Ambrosiano as president. Involved in international banking activities during the 1970s and 1980s. His tenure was marked by significant financial operations, including dealings with the Vatican. The bank collapsed in the mid-1980s amidst scandals and financial irregularities. Calvi's mysterious death in 1982, found hanging from a bridge in London, raised numerous questions and theories regarding his financial dealings and connections.
Continue ReadingEudora Welty
American novelist and short story writer.
Born
April 13th, 1909 116 years ago
Died
July 23rd, 2001 24 years ago — 92 years old
This individual was a prominent American author recognized for contributions to literature through short stories and novels. Born in 1909, the writer's works frequently explored themes of the American South, depicting the complexities and nuances of its culture and people. Major literary works include the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel 'The Optimist's Daughter' and the short story collection 'The Golden Apples'. A significant figure in Southern literature, her stories often featured deep character studies and rich narratives, solidifying her reputation as a key voice in 20th-century American fiction. The writing style was characterized by detailed descriptions and intricate plots.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on January 31st
Edwin Howard Armstrong
Engineer, inventor of FM radio
Born
1890 136 years ago
Died
January 31st, 1954 72 years ago — 64 years old
An American engineer and inventor, contributed significantly to the field of radio technology. Innovated frequency modulation (FM) radio, which provided higher fidelity sound and improved clarity over amplitude modulation (AM) radio. Invented and patented various technologies, including the superheterodyne receiver. The work in radio transmission laid the foundation for modern broadcasting and communications.
Continue ReadingJohannes Clauberg
German philosopher and theologian
Born
February 24th, 1622 403 years ago
Died
January 31st, 1665 361 years ago — 42 years old
A philosopher and theologian contributed to the development of Cartesianism in Germany. Focused on the integration of philosophy and theology, emphasized the importance of rationality in religious belief. Engaged with the works of René Descartes and sought to reconcile reason with faith. Sought to articulate a robust framework for understanding God within the context of philosophical inquiry. His works laid groundwork for future theological discourse in Germany during the 17th century.
Continue ReadingRagnar Frisch
Economist, Nobel Prize winner
Born
March 3rd, 1895 130 years ago
Died
January 31st, 1973 53 years ago — 77 years old
An economist and academic, contributed to the field of econometrics, which combines economic theory with statistical methods. Played a key role in the development of modern economic analysis. As a co-recipient of the first Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1969, enriched the understanding of economics through innovative methodologies. Also served as the first president of the Econometric Society and was instrumental in establishing the field as a formal discipline in economics.
Continue ReadingThomas Wintour
Gunpowder Plot Conspirator
Born
1571 455 years ago
Died
January 31st, 1606 420 years ago — 35 years old
Involved in the Gunpowder Plot of 1605, played a key role in the conspiracy to blow up the House of Lords and assassinate King James I. Wintour was instrumental in securing funding and support for the plot. He was captured after the plot's failure and faced execution in 1606. Wintour's actions were driven by his discontent with the treatment of Catholics in England during this period.
Continue ReadingClaudio Acquaviva
Italian Jesuit priest and leader
Born
September 14th, 1543 482 years ago
Died
January 31st, 1615 411 years ago — 71 years old
A prominent priest and leader within the Society of Jesus, he served as the fifth Superior General from 1581 until his death in 1615. During his tenure, he oversaw significant expansion of the Jesuit order, focused on educational and missionary activities across Europe and beyond. He emphasized the importance of discipline and spiritual formation, which guided the Jesuits during a period of considerable growth and influence. He also played a vital role in the organization's response to the Counter-Reformation, advocating for the Jesuits' mission to educate and reform society according to Catholic principles.
Continue ReadingUdo Lattek
Football manager and sportscaster
Born
January 16th, 1935 91 years ago
Died
January 31st, 2015 11 years ago — 80 years old
A prominent football manager and sportscaster, gained recognition in the football community throughout the late 20th century. Managed teams including FC Schalke 04, FC Bayern Munich, and Borussia Mönchengladbach. Achieved considerable success in his managerial career, securing multiple league titles and European trophies. Transitioned into a successful broadcasting career, providing commentary and analysis on various football events.
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