Guy Fawkes
English conspirator and plot leader
An Englishman involved in the Gunpowder Plot of 1605, Fawkes sought to assassinate King James I and blow up the House of Lords, aiming to restore a Catholic monarch to the throne. Fawkes was assigned to guard the explosives placed beneath Parliament. The plot was discovered on November 5, 1605, leading to his arrest and torture. Fawkes was tried and executed in January 1606. His actions have led to the annual observance of Bonfire Night in the UK, marking the failure of the plot and serving as a reminder of the event.
Leader of the Gunpowder Plot
Attempted assassination of King James I
Other People Born on April 13th
J. M. G. Le Clézio
Nobel Prize-winning French author
Born
April 13th, 1940 85 years ago
An author and academic with roots in French and Mauritian culture, contributions to literature encompass novels, essays, and children's books. Gained significant recognition with the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2008 for his works, which often explore themes of identity, displacement, and the relationship between humanity and nature. Engaged in academic pursuits, teaching literature and promoting cultural appreciation through various educational initiatives.
Continue ReadingPeter Faber
French Jesuit theologian and co-founder
Born
April 13th, 1506 519 years ago
Died
August 1st, 1546 479 years ago — 40 years old
A prominent figure in the early Jesuit movement, contributed significantly to the formation of the Society of Jesus alongside Ignatius of Loyola. Focused on education and spiritual guidance, served as a key theologian and established principles that would govern Jesuit spirituality. Played a crucial role in promoting the Catholic Reformation through his preaching and writings. Engaged in various ecclesiastical missions across Europe, emphasizing the importance of education in the faith.
Continue ReadingMadalyn Murray O'Hair
American atheist activist and founder
Born
April 13th, 1919 106 years ago
Died
September 29th, 1995 30 years ago — 76 years old
An activist and founder of the American Atheists organization. Championed the separation of church and state and was a notable voice in the fight for atheistic rights. Gained national attention for legal battles against school-sponsored prayer, resulting in the landmark Supreme Court case Engel v. Vitale. Her activism contributed significantly to the visibility of the atheistic movement in the United States.
Continue ReadingAlfred Mosher Butts
Game designer, inventor of Scrabble
Born
April 13th, 1899 126 years ago
Died
April 4th, 1993 32 years ago — 93 years old
A game designer developed the popular word game Scrabble in the early 1930s. This game combined elements of crossword puzzles and word games, utilizing letter tiles with varying point values to create words on a grid. Butts created the game while he was seeking a way to combine his interests in architecture and word play. It was initially called 'Lexiko' before being renamed Scrabble. The game gained popularity after its commercial launch in 1948, leading to a successful partnership with game manufacturer Selchow and Righter. The game's enduring appeal has resulted in numerous editions and variations, establishing a lasting legacy in the realm of board games.
Continue ReadingFrank Winfield Woolworth
Businessman who founded Woolworth's
Born
April 13th, 1852 173 years ago
Died
1919 106 years ago — 67 years old
A prominent American businessman founded the F. W. Woolworth Company, pioneering the concept of the five-and-dime store. Established the first self-service retail store model that influenced modern retail shopping. The first store opened in Utica, New York in 1879, leading to the rapid expansion of numerous locations across the United States and internationally. His business approach emphasized affordability and accessibility, creating a new shopping experience for consumers. Contributions to retail set the stage for future discount retailers.
Continue ReadingCharles Christie
Businessman, co-founder of Christie Film Company
Born
April 13th, 1880 145 years ago
Died
October 1st, 1955 70 years ago — 75 years old
Co-founded Christie Film Company, which became a significant player in the early film industry. The company produced and distributed motion pictures, contributing to the growth of cinema. The organization standardized the production processes of films and introduced various technological innovations in the film industry. Enabled the transition of movie making from literal representation to narrative storytelling. Involved in the production of many notable early films that showcased the potential of cinema as an art form.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on January 31st
Jost Bürgi
Clockmaker and mathematician, astronomical tables
Born
February 28th, 1552 473 years ago
Died
January 31st, 1632 393 years ago — 79 years old
A Swiss clockmaker and mathematician contributed significantly to the development of precision timekeeping and astronomical instruments. Bürgi developed mathematically sophisticated methods for calculating astronomical positions, leading to the creation of comprehensive astronomical tables. His work in horology, especially with the precision of mechanical clocks, was pivotal in the transition to modern timekeeping. Bürgi also introduced innovative techniques for calculating logarithms, which were not widely adopted until later. He served at the court of the Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II in Prague, where he further advanced the field of mathematics and astronomy.
Continue ReadingBartolomeu Anania
Romanian bishop and poet
Born
1921 104 years ago
Died
January 31st, 2011 14 years ago — 90 years old
Served as a bishop in the Romanian Orthodox Church and contributed significantly to Romanian literature as a poet. Anania held a prominent role in the church, advocating for faith and culture in Romania. He faced political repression during the communist regime and was imprisoned for his beliefs. After his release, he continued to write poetry and religious texts, becoming an influential figure in Romanian spirituality and literature. Anania published numerous works that explored themes of faith, existence, and national identity.
Continue ReadingRyōgen
Japanese monk and abbot at Onjō-ji
Died
January 31st, 985 1040 years ago — None years old
A prominent Japanese monk and abbot, played a significant role in the Tendai school of Buddhism during the Heian period. Established the Onjō-ji temple, which became a key center for Buddhist practice and education. Contributed to the development of the esoteric teachings within Tendai, influencing subsequent generations of monks. Promoted the integration of esoteric practices with traditional teachings of Buddhism, helping to shape the spiritual landscape of Japan.
Continue ReadingGiant Baba
Professional wrestler and promoter
Born
January 23rd, 1938 87 years ago
Died
January 31st, 1999 26 years ago — 61 years old
A prominent figure in professional wrestling, made significant contributions as a wrestler and trainer. Co-founded All Japan Pro Wrestling in 1972, which became a paramount promotion in the industry. Held the World Heavyweight Championship multiple times and was recognized for a unique style that blended traditional Japanese wrestling with elements of American wrestling. Transitioned from an active competitor to a promoter role, guiding the careers of many future wrestling stars. His legacy continues through the promotion and his influence on the global wrestling landscape.
Continue ReadingRob Stewart
Canadian filmmaker focused on marine conservation
Born
1979 46 years ago
Died
January 31st, 2017 8 years ago — 38 years old
A filmmaker dedicated to environmental issues, produced the documentary 'Sharkwater' in 2006, which highlighted the plight of sharks and the consequences of shark finning. Worked on the follow-up film 'Revolution' in 2012, addressing broader environmental challenges globally. Stewart engaged in extensive underwater photography and film production, aiming to raise awareness about the impact of human activities on marine ecosystems. Also involved in conservation efforts and educational outreach concerning ocean rights and biodiversity.
Continue ReadingUdo Lattek
Football manager and sportscaster
Born
January 16th, 1935 90 years ago
Died
January 31st, 2015 10 years ago — 80 years old
A prominent football manager and sportscaster, gained recognition in the football community throughout the late 20th century. Managed teams including FC Schalke 04, FC Bayern Munich, and Borussia Mönchengladbach. Achieved considerable success in his managerial career, securing multiple league titles and European trophies. Transitioned into a successful broadcasting career, providing commentary and analysis on various football events.
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