Léopold Sédar Senghor
Senegalese poet and first president
A prominent poet and politician, served as the first president of Senegal from 1960 to 1980. Contributed to the development of Senegal's cultural identity and promoted the concept of African socialism. Senghor's poetry reflected his belief in the unique spirit of Africa and the importance of cultural heritage, with notable works such as 'Chants d'ombre' and 'Hosties noires'. He was a member of the Académie Française, highlighting his influence in literature and politics.
Served as the first president of Senegal from 1960 to 1980
Wrote influential poetry including 'Chants d'ombre'
Promoted African socialism and cultural identity
Other People Born on October 9th
Ivo Andrić
Yugoslav novelist and Nobel Prize laureate
Born
October 9th, 1892 133 years ago
Died
March 13th, 1975 50 years ago — 82 years old
Yugoslav novelist, poet, and short story writer achieved prominence through literary contributions that explored themes of identity, culture, and history in the Balkans. The work 'The Bridge on the Drina' stands as a significant novel reflecting the socio-political landscape of the region. His literary career encompassed various genres, offering profound insights into the human condition. Awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1961, recognition was given for the exceptional quality of his narrative art and the exploration of cultural complexities. Andrić's writings have influenced generations of readers and writers in Yugoslavia and beyond.
Continue ReadingReginald Dyer
British brigadier general, Jallianwala Bagh
Born
October 9th, 1864 161 years ago
Died
July 23rd, 1927 98 years ago — 62 years old
A British brigadier general served in the Indian Army during the early 20th century. Dyer commanded British forces during the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre in Amritsar in 1919, which resulted in significant casualties and attracted international attention. The event played a role in shaping public opinion regarding British colonial rule in India. Dyer's actions at Amritsar led to a controversial inquiry and divided opinions in Britain and India regarding the use of military force against civilians. Dyer retired from the army after a contentious career but remained a figure of public debate regarding military ethics and colonial policy.
Continue ReadingRobert de Sorbon
Theologian and founder of the Sorbonne
Born
October 9th, 1201 824 years ago
Died
August 15th, 1274 751 years ago — 72 years old
A French minister and theologian, established the Collège de Sorbonne in 1253, which became a prominent center for theology and education. The institution played a significant role in the development of academic study in Europe. Advocated for the education of clergy and was pivotal in shaping the curriculum of the college, which focused on theology and liberal arts. His contributions to the educational landscape were influential during the medieval period.
Continue ReadingPeter I of Cyprus
King of Cyprus and military leader
Born
October 9th, 1328 697 years ago
Died
January 17th, 1369 656 years ago — 40 years old
Ruled as King of Cyprus from 1358 until death in 1369. Initiated military campaigns against the Mamluks and sought to expand the influence of the Kingdom of Cyprus in the Eastern Mediterranean. Participated in the Knights Templar and was involved in the Crusade efforts. Championed trade relations with Genoa and Venice, strengthening the economy of Cyprus. Commissioned construction of monuments like the Gothic Cathedral of St. Nicholas and promoted the arts during the reign.
Continue ReadingEddie Guerrero
Professional wrestler and WWE champion
Born
October 9th, 1967 58 years ago
Died
November 13th, 2005 20 years ago — 38 years old
A prominent professional wrestler, Guerrero began wrestling in the 1980s and gained recognition in the United States after competing in various wrestling promotions. Notable performances included time with WCW and WWE, where he showcased a unique blend of technical skill and charisma. Guerrero's career featured a significant storyline involving his catchphrase 'Lie, Cheat, and Steal,' highlighting his character's cunning nature. He won the WWE Championship in 2004, cementing his legacy in wrestling history. Tragically, Guerrero passed away in 2005, leaving a lasting influence on the wrestling community.
Continue ReadingHermann Emil Fischer
Chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1902
Born
October 9th, 1852 173 years ago
Died
1919 106 years ago — 67 years old
Born in Germany, a chemist contributed significantly to the understanding of carbohydrates and purines. Fischer's work on the synthesis of nucleic acids and the study of enzyme activity laid the foundation for modern biochemistry. The synthesis of carbohydrates, particularly glucose, marked a milestone in the field. The research advanced knowledge of molecular structure and bonding, influencing future scientific studies. Awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1902, recognized for contributions to sugar chemistry and work in synthesis reactions. Also held a professorship in chemistry at the University of Berlin where research promoted further advancements in organic chemistry.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on December 20th
Simone Beck
French chef and author of Mastering...
Born
July 7th, 1904 121 years ago
Died
December 20th, 1991 34 years ago — 87 years old
A prominent French chef and culinary author, focused on French cuisine. Co-authored the influential cookbook 'Mastering the Art of French Cooking' alongside Julia Child. Played a significant role in introducing French cuisine to American audiences through teaching and writing. Established a cooking school in Paris, sharing knowledge and techniques with aspiring chefs and home cooks alike.
Continue ReadingBobby Darin
Singer-songwriter and actor with hits.
Born
May 14th, 1936 89 years ago
Died
December 20th, 1973 52 years ago — 37 years old
Acclaimed as a singer-songwriter and actor, this performer gained significant popularity in the 1960s. Early hits included 'Splish Splash,' 'Dream Lover,' and 'Mack the Knife,' showcasing a blend of pop, rock, and jazz styles. Transitioning into acting, received critical recognition for performances in film and television. The individual's artistic contributions earned multiple Grammy Awards, solidifying a legacy in American music and cinema.
Continue ReadingMartin O'Meara
Victoria Cross recipient and sergeant
Born
1882 143 years ago
Died
December 20th, 1935 90 years ago — 53 years old
An Irish-Australian, served as a sergeant during World War I. Displayed exceptional bravery at the Battle of Mont Saint Quentin in 1918. Awarded the Victoria Cross for actions that saved numerous soldiers' lives. After the war, faced challenges readjusting to civilian life in Australia.
Continue ReadingDean Rusk
U.S. Secretary of State during Vietnam War
Born
February 9th, 1909 116 years ago
Died
December 20th, 1994 31 years ago — 85 years old
Served as the 54th United States Secretary of State from 1961 to 1969. Guided U.S. foreign policy during significant events such as the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Vietnam War. Played a critical role in sustaining U.S. involvement in Vietnam, believing in the policy of containment to prevent the spread of communism. Held previous positions including Assistant Secretary of State for Far Eastern Affairs. Worked at the Rockefeller Foundation after leaving public office.
Continue ReadingEarle Page
Australian politician and Prime Minister
Born
August 8th, 1880 145 years ago
Died
December 20th, 1961 64 years ago — 81 years old
A lawyer and academic, served as the 11th Prime Minister of Australia. Page's political career included significant involvement in the Country Party, where he held the role of leader. He served as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Health. As Prime Minister, he focused on national development and agricultural initiatives, promoting land settlement. Page was also notable for his contributions to the formation of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation during his time in office. His leadership spanned critical periods in Australian history, contributing to policy and programs that shaped the nation.
Continue ReadingAlan Lloyd Hodgkin
Physiologist and Nobel Prize laureate
Born
February 5th, 1914 111 years ago
Died
December 20th, 1998 27 years ago — 84 years old
Worked extensively in neurophysiology, particularly in researching the ionic basis of nerve conduction. Collaborated with Andrew Huxley to develop the first quantitative model of nerve action potentials. Conducted investigations using the giant axon of the squid which led to critical insights into the behavior of neurons. Became a professor at the University of Cambridge, contributing significantly to the academic field through teaching and research.
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