Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot
Physicist known for heat engines
Physicist known for heat engines
Scientists & Innovators
France
A prominent physicist and engineer, contributed significantly to the field of thermodynamics. Formulated the Carnot cycle, which laid the foundation for the second law of thermodynamics. Focused on the efficiency of heat engines and proposed a theoretical model for understanding heat transfer. His work established principles that influenced later scientists and engineers in the study of energy conversion.
Formulated the Carnot cycle
Published 'Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire'
Born on June 1, 1933, a significant political figure in Palau's history, served as the first President after Palau gained independence from the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. Played a pivotal role in the establishment of the nation's government and constitution. His leadership was crucial in navigating the challenges that accompanied the transition to self-governance, including negotiations for political and economic stability. The political landscape of Palau evolved under his presidency, which lasted from 1981 until his assassination in 1985.
Continue ReadingServed as an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1877 to 1911. Promoted civil rights and civil liberties, particularly in cases concerning racial equality. Advocated for the desegregation of public facilities, opposing the majority opinion in Plessy v. Ferguson. Prior to Supreme Court service, held positions in local and state government including roles as a circuit court judge.
Continue ReadingCompeted in gymnastics during the late 1970s and early 1980s. Achieved significant success by winning multiple titles, including the gold medal at the 1978 World Championships in Strasbourg. Suffered a career-ending injury in 1980 before the Moscow Olympics, affecting the opportunity to compete at a major international event. Made a comeback in the following years, but continued to face challenges due to the injury.
Continue ReadingCoached the Turkish national football team during the 2002 FIFA World Cup, leading them to a third-place finish. Played as a goalkeeper primarily for Trabzonspor, winning multiple Turkish league titles. Transitioned to management after retirement, achieving success with various clubs, including guiding Beşiktaş to multiple Süper Lig titles and the 2017 Turkish Cup.
Continue ReadingBecame King of Greece in 1832 at the age of 17, following the Greek War of Independence. Rule marked by foreign influence and the establishment of a monarchy. Faced numerous uprisings and dissatisfaction due to heavy reliance on Bavarian advisors. Struggled to unify the country amid internal divisions. Deposed in 1862, leading to the establishment of the monarchy being re-evaluated. Spent later years primarily in Bavaria.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1765, a key figure in the life of the German poet and playwright. Entered a long-term relationship with Goethe, beginning in 1775, eventually marrying him in 1806. Contributed to Goethe's household and provided emotional support throughout his literary career. Their relationship was characterized by deep personal connections and influences on one another's work. Managed Goethe's daily life and affairs while maintaining her own pursuits. Died in 1816, leaving a lasting mark on Goethe's legacy.
Continue ReadingContributed to philosophy and mysticism through a unique blend of ideas about labor, religion, and social justice. Explored various topics such as attention and gravity, leading to significant concepts in philosophy. Worked in factories to understand the worker's experience and wrote on the nature of force. Critiqued political ideologies and engaged deeply with religious thought, emphasizing the importance of compassion and attention in human experience.
Continue ReadingBorn in Italy in 1503, this artist was a prominent figure in the Mannerist movement. Training under a local artist, developed a distinctive style characterized by elongated forms and elegant compositions. His renowned works include the 'Madonna with the Long Neck,' where the use of proportion and elongated figures exemplified the Mannerist style. Worked on various religious themes, achieving notable recognition during his lifetime. Also contributed to the fields of engraving and drawing, leaving a significant mark on the Renaissance art scene. Died at a young age in 1540, yet the innovative qualities of his work continued to influence future generations of artists.
Continue ReadingAn advocate for women's rights and suffrage, contributed significantly to the movement in the early 20th century. Played a pivotal role in organizing campaigns, fostering dialogue, and promoting legislation aimed at granting women the right to vote. Participated in various national conventions and was associated with numerous women's organizations. Her efforts reflected a commitment to social change during a transformative era in American history.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1912, a pioneering test pilot in Germany. Worked with the German military during World War II and was involved in the development of advanced aircraft. Reitsch flew various aircraft types, including the Messerschmitt Me 163 rocket plane and the Focke-Wulf Fw 190. After the war, she continued to work in aviation, promoting flight safety and training new pilots. Played a crucial role in demonstrating the capabilities of German aircraft in the early era of jet and rocket propulsion. Despite controversies surrounding her affiliations, her contributions to aviation technology remain noted.
Continue ReadingFounded Kaiser Shipyards during World War II, which became recognized for producing Liberty ships and other wartime vessels. Established Kaiser Aluminum, a significant player in the aluminum industry. Was an early advocate of prefabricated housing and helped develop the modular home concept. Played a crucial role in establishing the modern healthcare system in California through the creation of Kaiser Permanente.
Continue ReadingBorn in Italy, a significant figure in early motorsport history, began racing in the 1930s. Competed in several Mille Miglia events, showcasing exceptional skill and speed in sports cars. Participated in Formula One during its inaugural seasons after World War II, driving for Maserati and Ferrari. Continued to make appearances in various racing events until retiring from professional racing in the 1950s.
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