Nikolai Kardashev
Astrophysicist and scale creator
Born
April 25th, 1932
93 years ago
Died
2019
6 years ago — 87 years old
Category
Scientists & Innovators
Country
Russia
Links & References
Contributions to astrophysics focused on the classification of civilizations based on their energy consumption led to the creation of the Kardashev Scale. This scale categorizes civilizations into Type I, II, and III based on their ability to harness energy from their home planet, star, and galaxy, respectively. Worked at the Institute of Space Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Engaged in studies related to the search for extraterrestrial intelligence and the structure of the universe. Published extensively on cosmology and a variety of scientific subjects, influencing both academic circles and the popular understanding of advanced civilizations.
Development of the Kardashev Scale
Research on extraterrestrial intelligence
Publication of works on cosmology
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