Otto Rank
Psychologist and author of 'The Trauma of Birth'
Austrian-American psychologist focused on psychoanalytic theory and the psychological significance of birth. Rank studied under Sigmund Freud and contributed to the field with innovative concepts, emphasizing the impact of early experiences on personality development. His major work, 'The Trauma of Birth', explored the psychological implications of birth and its aftermath, reshaping ideas about the origins of anxiety and neurosis. Rank also played a crucial role in the founding of the New School for Social Research in New York, where he taught and influenced many students in psychology and the humanities. Later in his career, he diverged from traditional psychoanalytic views and developed his theories on creativity and art.
Authored 'The Trauma of Birth'
Studied under Sigmund Freud
Contributed to psychoanalytic theory
Other People Born on April 22nd
Julius Sterling Morton
3rd U.S. Secretary of Agriculture
Born
April 22nd, 1832 193 years ago
Died
1902 124 years ago — 70 years old
Served as the 3rd Secretary of Agriculture from 1894 to 1895. A prominent advocate for agriculture and conservation, contributed to the establishment of Arbor Day, promoting the planting of trees across the United States. Participated in various agricultural reforms during tenure in government, focusing on the importance of forestry and land use.
Continue ReadingSolomon Caesar Malan
Orientalist and translator of Hebrew texts
Born
April 22nd, 1812 213 years ago
Died
1894 132 years ago — 82 years old
Born in 1812, a Swiss-English orientalist focused on Hebrew literature and biblical studies. Contributed to the understanding of early Jewish culture and languages. Worked extensively on translating Hebrew texts into English and was instrumental in promoting Hebrew scholarship. Also engaged in various educational and editorial projects related to Jewish studies, influencing the academic field through published works and translation efforts.
Continue ReadingGermaine de Staël
French author and political philosopher
Born
April 22nd, 1766 259 years ago
Died
July 14th, 1817 208 years ago — 51 years old
An influential French author and political philosopher, this individual contributed significantly to the literary and political discourse of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Works such as 'On Germany' showcased insights into German culture and philosophy, greatly impacting French intellectual thought. A central figure in the salons of Paris, participation in the political climate of the Revolution and the Napoleonic era marked her career. The individual faced exile due to political views but continued to write, producing important critiques on society and culture.
Continue ReadingPaul II Anton
Austrian soldier and Prince Esterházy
Born
April 22nd, 1711 314 years ago
Died
1762 264 years ago — 51 years old
Born in 1711, served as a prominent military leader in the Habsburg army during the War of the Austrian Succession. Held the title of Prince Esterházy, which was associated with significant influence in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Known for participation in various military campaigns, contribution to the strategic planning of battles, and leadership in the defense of Habsburg territories.
Continue ReadingEric Fenby
English composer and educator
Born
April 22nd, 1906 119 years ago
Died
1997 29 years ago — 91 years old
An English composer and educator contributed significantly to 20th-century music. Studied composition with renowned figures and worked closely with notable composers. Fenby's early career included engagements with various orchestras and ensembles. Played a pivotal role in promoting the works of other composers and served as an educator in music institutions, shaping the learning experiences of aspiring musicians. Authored texts on music theory and composition, enhancing the understanding of musical structures and techniques.
Continue ReadingRita Levi-Montalcini
Neurologist, Nobel Prize laureate
Born
April 22nd, 1909 116 years ago
Died
December 30th, 2012 13 years ago — 103 years old
Completed medical studies and began research in neurobiology. Conducted pioneering work on nerve growth factor, leading to significant advancements in understanding nervous system development and function. Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1986 for discoveries regarding growth factors. Served as a professor of neurobiology at Washington University in St. Louis and received numerous honors and accolades throughout her career in academia and research.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on October 31st
MF Doom
English-American rapper and producer
Born
July 13th, 1971 54 years ago
Died
October 31st, 2020 5 years ago — 49 years old
An influential figure in underground hip-hop, gained recognition for complex lyrics and unique production style. Adopted the persona of a supervillain, characterized by a metal mask and elaborate stage presence. Released acclaimed albums, including 'Madvillainy' with Madlib, which is celebrated for its innovative sound and lyrical depth. Contributed to numerous collaborations and projects, showcasing versatility and creativity in the genre.
Continue ReadingElmer Vasko
Canadian ice hockey player and defenseman
Born
December 11th, 1935 90 years ago
Died
October 31st, 1998 27 years ago — 62 years old
A Canadian ice hockey player played as a defenseman in the National Hockey League (NHL). He competed primarily for the Chicago Blackhawks and later for the New York Rangers. During a professional career spanning over a decade, contributions included defensive play and team leadership. Played in the 1951 Memorial Cup with the Montreal Royals, achieving significant recognition for performance. Retired from the NHL in the early 1970s.
Continue ReadingCharles A. Wickliffe
American politician, 14th Governor of Kentucky
Born
June 8th, 1788 237 years ago
Died
October 31st, 1869 156 years ago — 81 years old
Served as the 14th Governor of Kentucky from 1839 to 1840. Held various political positions throughout a career in public service, including a member of the U.S. House of Representatives and as a state senator. Worked to improve the state's infrastructure and education system. His tenure was marked by efforts to expand the state’s economy and enhance its political influence.
Continue ReadingAmrita Pritam
Indian poet and author; acclaimed for poetry
Born
August 31st, 1919 106 years ago
Died
October 31st, 2005 20 years ago — 86 years old
Acclaimed as one of the leading poets in the Punjabi language. Began writing at a young age and gained prominence with her poetry collection 'Anwardan'. Became the first woman to receive the Sahitya Akademi Award for her contributions to literature. Her work often explored themes of love, loss, and the female experience, particularly during the partition of India. In 1982, received the Jnanpith Award, recognizing her significant contributions to Indian literature. She also wrote novels and essays, making significant contributions to both Indian literature and feminist discourse.
Continue ReadingRing Lardner Jr.
American journalist and screenwriter
Born
August 19th, 1915 110 years ago
Died
October 31st, 2000 25 years ago — 85 years old
A journalist and screenwriter, gained recognition for contributions to film and literature. Contributed to the screenplay of 'Woman of the Year', which earned an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay. His work in journalism included writing for notable publications, showcasing skills in satire and humor. Involved in the Hollywood blacklist era due to political beliefs, which affected his career during the 1950s.
Continue ReadingEberhard Louis
Duke of Württemberg
Born
September 18th, 1676 349 years ago
Died
October 31st, 1733 292 years ago — 57 years old
Born in 1676, the Duke of Württemberg governed from 1733 until death in 1737. Focused on economic development, supported the arts, and initiated infrastructure projects to enhance trade and agriculture within the duchy. The administration was characterized by strong fiscal management and efforts to modernize the region. The duke's commitment to cultural patronage fostered artistic production during his rule, aligning with the Baroque style prominent in the period.
Continue Reading