Pope Callixtus II

Pope and advocate of Catholic reforms

Pope Callixtus II - Leaders & Politicians born 1065
Born

1065
961 years ago

Died
Category

Leaders & Politicians

Country

Vatican City

Links & References

Served as pope from 1119 until death in 1124. Worked to address issues within the Church and established the foundation for the centralization of papal authority. Advocated for peace and negotiated the Treaty of Xanten, which aimed to resolve conflict in the Holy Roman Empire. Encouraged the spread of the Church's influence in Europe and played a role in the Second Crusade's planning. Contributed to the development of canon law and liturgical practices within the Church.

Negotiated the Treaty of Xanten

Instituted reforms in the Catholic Church

Other People Who Died on December 13th

Lorraine O'Grady

American conceptual artist and writer
Born
1934 92 years ago
Died
December 13th, 2024 1 years ago — 90 years old

An artist and writer active in contemporary art, specialized in performance and conceptual practices. O'Grady gained recognition for exploring themes of race, identity, and feminism in art. Key works included the performance piece 'Art Is...,' which highlightedAfrican American women's experiences in the art world. Contributions to various exhibitions took place, including participation in the Whitney Biennial and the Venice Biennale. O'Grady's work also spanned writing, where essays and critiques examined intersections of art, culture, and politics.

Continue Reading

August Šenoa

Croatian author and poet of 'Zlatarevo zlato'
Born
November 14th, 1838 187 years ago
Died
December 13th, 1881 144 years ago — 43 years old

An influential Croatian author, poet, and literary critic, this individual significantly contributed to Croatian literature in the 19th century. Active during a period of national revival, this writer's works often explored themes of history and folklore. Most notable work, 'Zlatarevo zlato' (The Goldsmith's Treasure), is a historical novel that combines romance with a rich depiction of Zagreb in the 16th century. Other works include plays and essays that reflect on Croatian identity and culture. In addition to fiction, criticism played a crucial role in the development of literary standards in Croatia.

Continue Reading

Josef Kramer

Concentration camp commandant
Born
1906 120 years ago
Died
December 13th, 1945 80 years ago — 39 years old

Commanded the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp during World War II. Oversaw the operations of the camp from 1944 to 1945. Played a key role in the administration of Nazi concentration camp policies. Captured by British forces after the camp's liberation and tried for war crimes in 1945.

Continue Reading

Reggie Duff

Australian cricketer; Test match player
Born
August 17th, 1878 147 years ago
Died
December 13th, 1911 114 years ago — 33 years old

Born in 1878, a cricketer represented Australia at the international level. Played in the early years of Test cricket, participating in significant series that helped establish the sport in Australia. Made notable contributions as an opening batsman and was recognized for his aggressive playing style. Competed in several Ashes series, contributing to the team's efforts against England.

Continue Reading

Alan Thicke

Television actor and theme music composer
Born
March 1st, 1947 79 years ago
Died
December 13th, 2016 9 years ago — 69 years old

Born in Canada, an actor contributed significantly to television during the 1980s and 1990s. Starred as Jason Seaver in the popular sitcom 'Growing Pains,' which aired from 1985 to 1992. Also gained recognition for composing theme music for various television shows, including the iconic theme for 'The Different Strokes.' Pursued a career in both acting and music, becoming a familiar face on American television. Later appeared in reality television projects and talk shows, maintaining a presence in the entertainment industry until his passing.

Continue Reading

Gustave Le Bon

French psychologist and sociologist
Born
1840 186 years ago
Died
December 13th, 1931 94 years ago — 91 years old

Contributed significantly to social psychology and sociology. Developed the concept of the collective mind, which explored how individuals in groups can behave differently than when alone. Authored 'The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind', which analyzed mob behavior and social influence. His work laid the groundwork for modern crowd psychology and social sciences.

Continue Reading