Premchand
Indian author and playwright
A prominent author and playwright, contributed significantly to Hindi and Urdu literature. Published many novels, stories, and plays that explored social issues and the lives of the common man. His notable works included 'Godaan', 'Gaban', and 'Nirmala', which depicted the struggles of the rural poor in India. The literary movement initiated by him emphasized realism and social reform in literature, inspiring many subsequent writers.
Authored the novel 'Godaan'
Wrote the story 'Nirmala'
Produced the play 'Karmabhoomi'
Other People Born on July 31st
Primo Levi
Italian chemist and Holocaust author
Born
July 31st, 1919 106 years ago
Died
April 11th, 1987 38 years ago — 67 years old
A chemist and writer, recognized for literary works exploring personal experiences during the Holocaust. Published the memoir 'Survival in Auschwitz,' detailing experiences in the concentration camp, and the book 'The Periodic Table,' which combines chemistry and memoir, reflecting on life through elements. Contributed to literature with essays and fiction, deeply influenced by the events of World War II.
Continue ReadingPeter Benenson
Human rights lawyer, founded Amnesty International
Born
July 31st, 1921 104 years ago
Died
February 25th, 2005 20 years ago — 83 years old
A lawyer initiated the founding of Amnesty International in 1961 to advocate for human rights globally. The organization focused on preventing and addressing cases of unjust imprisonment and torture. Through commitment to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, efforts contributed to the awareness of political prisoners and abuses. The organization's campaigns led to the release of numerous individuals and shifted perspectives on state-sponsored violence.
Continue ReadingWill Penisini
Rugby league player for Parramatta Eels
Born
July 31st, 2002 23 years ago
Born in 2002, this Australian-Tongan rugby league player started his career in the NRL with the Parramatta Eels. Debuted in 2021 and played as a center. Gained attention for strong performances and development as a player. Contributed to the team's campaigns during the 2021 and 2022 seasons.
Continue ReadingEmperor Nijō of Japan
Emperor of Japan during Heian period
Born
July 31st, 1143 882 years ago
Died
1165 860 years ago — 22 years old
Ruled as the 75th emperor of Japan from 1158 to 1165. Son of Emperor Go-Shirakawa, ascended the throne at a young age. His reign coincided with the power struggles of the Fujiwara clan and the emergence of the samurai class. Known for political instability and influence from powerful regents, including the Fujiwara family. Sought to balance the traditional court practices with the rising military power, yet faced challenges during his reign. Abdicated in 1165 in favor of his son, continuing a lineage of power struggles in the imperial family.
Continue ReadingJohn Canton
English physicist and academic researcher
Born
July 31st, 1718 307 years ago
Died
March 22nd, 1772 253 years ago — 53 years old
An English physicist and academic contributed significantly to the field of experimental physics. Best remembered for inventing the electrometer, which measured electric charge and helped advance the understanding of electricity. Served as a professor at the Royal Academy, where teachings included topics on natural philosophy and electrical experiments. Conducted experiments on heat conduction and published numerous papers on the behavior of electrified bodies.
Continue ReadingBilly Hitchcock
Baseball player and manager
Born
July 31st, 1916 109 years ago
Died
April 9th, 2006 19 years ago — 89 years old
An American baseball player and manager, played in Major League Baseball primarily as a shortstop during the 1940s and 1950s. Served with teams such as the Detroit Tigers and the New York Yankees. Transitioned to coaching and managing roles after retirement, offering insights into player development.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on October 8th
Henry Fielding
English novelist and playwright, Tom Jones
Born
April 22nd, 1707 318 years ago
Died
October 8th, 1754 271 years ago — 47 years old
Fielding was an English novelist and playwright during the 18th century. His most acclaimed work, 'The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling', published in 1749, is considered one of the first English novels, establishing the form's early conventions. He also wrote significant plays, contributing to the development of the theatre during the time. Fielding was a prominent figure in the literary scene and critiqued social issues through his writings. Additionally, he was involved in law and public service, serving as a magistrate in London.
Continue ReadingAustin F. Pike
American lawyer and politician
Born
October 16th, 1819 206 years ago
Died
October 8th, 1886 139 years ago — 66 years old
Born in 1819, a lawyer and politician practiced law in New Hampshire. Served as a United States Senator from 1853 to 1855. Elected to the New Hampshire House of Representatives and served in various political offices throughout the state. Contributed to legal reforms and legislative processes during tenure.
Continue ReadingGordon Welchman
Mathematician and author of key texts
Born
June 15th, 1906 119 years ago
Died
October 8th, 1985 40 years ago — 79 years old
An English-American mathematician focused on cryptography and signals intelligence during World War II. Worked at Bletchley Park, contributing to the development of strategies and techniques for breaking enemy codes. Authored influential works on mathematics and cryptography, including 'The Hut 6 Story', which detailed experiences at Bletchley. After the war, continued academic career and held various positions in the United States, promoting advancements in mathematics and technology.
Continue ReadingJim Diamond
Scottish singer-songwriter and musician
Born
September 28th, 1951 74 years ago
Died
October 8th, 2015 10 years ago — 64 years old
Started a musical career in the 1970s, achieving recognition in the UK music scene. Released several albums throughout the 1980s. Hit single 'I Should Have Known Better' reached number one on the UK Singles Chart in 1984. Known for a soulful voice and emotive songwriting, contributed to the genre of pop and soft rock. After initial success, continued to perform and record, gathering a dedicated fan base.
Continue ReadingJames Elphinston
Scottish philologist and linguist
Born
December 6th, 1721 304 years ago
Died
October 8th, 1809 216 years ago — 87 years old
Born in Scotland, this individual contributed significantly to the study of language and phonetics. Focused on the correct pronunciation of English, engaged in efforts to reform English spelling. Developed a system of phonetic notation, aiding in the teaching of pronunciation. Published works such as 'The Universal Grammar' and 'A New and Accurate Method of Teaching Pronunciation' that influenced language education. Held the position of a schoolmaster and was involved in various educational reforms during his career.
Continue ReadingMalcolm Ross
American captain and balloonist
Born
October 15th, 1919 106 years ago
Died
October 8th, 1985 40 years ago — 65 years old
Born in 1919, a captain in the U.S. Army Air Forces and a prominent balloonist. Conducted significant scientific research in high-altitude balloon flights, contributing to meteorological studies. Participated in and led high-altitude missions that advanced understanding of the atmosphere. Worked alongside other scientists to develop various projects related to atmospheric research and the effects of altitude on living organisms.
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