Saparmurat Niyazov
Turkmen politician, first President of Turkmenistan
Born
February 19th, 1940
85 years ago
Died
December 21st, 2006
18 years ago — 66 years old
Category
Leaders & Politicians
Country
Turkmenistan
Links & References
An engineer and politician served as the first President of Turkmenistan from 1990 until 2006. Established a one-party state, consolidating power through constitutional amendments and a cult of personality. Promoted self-identity among the Turkmen people and placed significance on national culture. Implemented extensive control over media and public life, which led to international criticism. Authored the 'Ruhnama,' a spiritual guide meant to shape Turkmen identity and values, which became a mandatory text in education.
Served as the first President of Turkmenistan
Authored the 'Ruhnama'
Implemented a one-party state
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