Shyam Benegal
Indian film director and screenwriter
A prominent figure in Indian cinema, this individual directed and wrote numerous films that shaped the landscape of Indian art films. Focused on social issues and cultural themes, major works include 'Ankur', 'Nishant', and 'Bhumika'. Known for pioneering the parallel cinema movement in India during the 1970s, the director often collaborated with renowned actors and technicians. The films received critical acclaim for their storytelling and cinematographic style, gaining recognition domestically and internationally.
Directed 'Ankur'
Directed 'Nishant'
Directed 'Bhumika'
Other People Born on December 14th
Hans von Ohain
Physicist and engineer of jet propulsion
Born
December 14th, 1911 114 years ago
Died
March 13th, 1998 27 years ago — 86 years old
A German-American physicist and engineer primarily associated with the development of the turbojet engine. Contributions to aviation technology included designing the world's first operational turbojet engine, which powered the Heinkel He 178, the first jet-powered aircraft to fly successfully in 1939. After World War II, immigration to the United States led to further research and development in aerospace technology, including work for major corporations such as North American Aviation and NASA. He held more than 60 patents in the field of propulsion systems.
Continue ReadingPaul Éluard
French poet and Surrealist movement figure
Born
December 14th, 1895 130 years ago
Died
November 18th, 1952 73 years ago — 56 years old
Born in 1895, this poet became one of the founders of the Surrealist movement in literature. His works often explored themes of love and freedom, and he was a significant presence in the literary scene during the early to mid-20th century. Many of his poems reflect personal experiences, particularly during and after World War I. Éluard published numerous collections, with some of the most notable including 'Capitale de la douleur' and 'Les Uns et les Autres.' His writings not only contributed to the Surrealist literary landscape but also influenced subsequent generations of poets and writers in France and beyond.
Continue ReadingRoger Fry
English painter and art critic
Born
December 14th, 1866 159 years ago
Died
September 9th, 1934 91 years ago — 67 years old
Born in 1866, an English painter and art critic contributed significantly to the development of modern art in Britain. With a background in philosophy and art history, played a crucial role in introducing Post-Impressionism to British audiences. Founded the Omega Workshops, which showcased innovative designs and artworks, promoting the marriage of fine arts and crafts. Authored several influential essays on art theory, advocating for the appreciation of art's emotional expression beyond mere representation. Held exhibitions that featured prominent artists such as Vincent van Gogh and Paul Cézanne, helping to elevate their status in the UK.
Continue ReadingRadu Beligan
Renowned Romanian actor and director
Born
December 14th, 1918 107 years ago
Died
July 20th, 2016 9 years ago — 97 years old
An influential figure in Romanian theatre and film, this individual began their career in the 1930s. Extensive work in various productions solidified a prominent position in the artistic community. Directorial efforts were notable, particularly in the realm of theatrical productions, earning a reputation for innovation. This individual also contributed to the national culture through participation in typical Romanian theater festivals and international collaborations. A long career spanned several decades, with retirement occurring in the 21st century after a prolific tenure.
Continue ReadingBarthélemy d'Herbelot
French orientalist and academic work
Born
December 14th, 1625 400 years ago
Died
December 8th, 1695 330 years ago — 69 years old
Birth occurred in 1625. An orientalist and academic, significant contributions were made to the study of Eastern cultures. Edited and compiled 'Bibliothèque Orientale', an extensive work on the literature and history of the Orient, which became an important reference in the field. D'Herbelot's research encompassed various aspects of Turkish, Arabic, and Persian literature.
Continue ReadingEdward Lawrie Tatum
Geneticist and Nobel Prize laureate
Born
December 14th, 1909 116 years ago
Died
November 5th, 1975 50 years ago — 65 years old
A prominent geneticist, contributions focused on the understanding of the role of genes in the regulation of metabolic processes. Collaborated with George Beadle to conduct groundbreaking experiments with Neurospora crassa, which demonstrated the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis. Received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1958 for work on gene action in the synthesis of enzymes and its implications for metabolic regulation. Served as a professor and held various academic positions throughout a distinguished career in genetics and biochemistry.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on December 23rd
Jack Webb
Actor and creator of Dragnet
Born
April 2nd, 1920 105 years ago
Died
December 23rd, 1982 43 years ago — 62 years old
An American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter, this individual gained recognition for creating and starring in the television series 'Dragnet'. The show, which first aired in 1951, was one of the earliest police procedural dramas and significantly influenced the genre. The character portrayed was a no-nonsense detective, reflecting a realistic portrayal of law enforcement. In addition to 'Dragnet', this individual also produced and acted in other television series, further shaping the industry during the mid-20th century.
Continue ReadingAlfred G. Gilman
Pharmacologist and Nobel laureate
Born
July 1st, 1941 84 years ago
Died
December 23rd, 2015 10 years ago — 74 years old
A prominent pharmacologist and biochemist contributed significantly to the understanding of G-protein coupled receptors. Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1994. Worked extensively at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, where research focused on intracellular signaling. Published numerous influential scientific papers that advanced the field of pharmacology.
Continue ReadingK. Karunakaran
Indian politician and Chief Minister of Kerala
Born
July 5th, 1918 107 years ago
Died
December 23rd, 2010 15 years ago — 92 years old
A prominent lawyer and politician, served as the 7th Chief Minister of Kerala. Held office from 1981 to 1982 and again from 1984 to 1987. Played a significant role in the Indian National Congress and was influential in the state's political landscape. Contributed to various developmental initiatives within Kerala during tenure. Also served as a Union Minister, holding important portfolios such as commerce and industry.
Continue ReadingJoe Orlando
Author and illustrator of comics
Born
April 4th, 1927 98 years ago
Died
December 23rd, 1998 27 years ago — 71 years old
An Italian-American author and illustrator, contributed significantly to the comic book industry. Worked for EC Comics, where collaborations included classic horror and suspense stories. Later served as editor for DC Comics, overseeing the creation of notable titles and characters. Orlando's artistic style influenced many contemporary artists and writers in comics. Also involved in various educational projects focused on the medium's potential.
Continue ReadingJohn Cotton
Theologian and Puritan minister
Born
December 4th, 1585 440 years ago
Died
December 23rd, 1652 373 years ago — 67 years old
Born in England, a prominent minister and theologian, contributed significantly to the Puritan movement. Served as the pastor of Boston's First Church, influencing the early settlement in New England. Advocated for religious freedom and the establishment of a theocratic government based on Puritan principles. Emphasized covenant theology and the importance of a personal relationship with God in his sermons and writings. Migrated to America in search of religious liberty, playing a key role in the development of the Massachusetts Bay Colony's religious landscape.
Continue ReadingThomas Robert Malthus
Economist and scholar of population theory
Born
February 13th, 1766 259 years ago
Died
December 23rd, 1834 191 years ago — 68 years old
Born in 1766, a prominent English economist and scholar focused on population growth and resource scarcity. Malthus published 'An Essay on the Principle of Population' in 1798, which argued that population growth would always outpace food production, leading to inevitable shortages. His ideas propelled discussions on economics, social policy, and ecology, emphasizing the potential consequences of unchecked population increase. Malthus's theories laid the groundwork for future demographic studies and influenced various fields, including economics, sociology, and environmental science.
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