Valentinian III
Roman emperor during turbulent times
Became emperor at a young age in 425 AD, ruling the Western Roman Empire during a period marked by internal strife and external threats. His reign encountered the rise of powerful military leaders and increasing instability within the empire. Negotiated problematic treaties with tribes such as the Huns. Oversaw a significant decline in central authority and military strength. Assassinated in 455 AD in a coup led by rival factions, signaling further decline of the Western Roman Empire.
Assumed the throne at age six in 425 AD
Facilitated treaties with the Huns
Assassinated leading to empire's instability
Other People Born on July 2nd
Pierre Cardin
Fashion designer and space-age styles
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July 2nd, 1922 103 years ago
Died
December 29th, 2020 4 years ago — 98 years old
A significant figure in the fashion industry, this Italian-French fashion designer established a global brand that emphasized futuristic designs. Innovations included ready-to-wear collections that revolutionized fashion accessibility. The designer was among the first to license products and created a unique, recognizable aesthetic defined by geometric shapes and bold colors. The brand expanded into various markets, including furniture and fragrances, ensuring a lasting presence in the commercial world of fashion.
Continue ReadingWilliam Henry Bragg
Physicist, chemist, Nobel Prize winner
Born
July 2nd, 1862 163 years ago
Died
March 12th, 1942 83 years ago — 79 years old
Significant contributions were made to the field of X-ray crystallography. Developed Bragg's Law alongside his son, which describes the relationship between the angles of incident and diffractedX-rays. This work laid the foundation for the analysis of crystal structures. Received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1915 for his work in this area. Served as a professor at the University of Leeds and later at the Royal Institute of Great Britain, where advancements in physics and chemistry were fostered.
Continue ReadingMaria Theresa of Austria-Este
Austrian Archduchess and Queen
Born
July 2nd, 1849 176 years ago
Died
1919 106 years ago — 70 years old
Born in 1849, this Austrian Archduchess served as Queen of Hungary and Croatia. Marriage to Franz Joseph I of Austria occurred in 1867, solidifying her position within the Habsburg dynasty. The establishment of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1867 marked a significant political moment in her reign. She was instrumental in promoting cultural and social reforms in Hungary, contributing to the modernization of the region.
Continue ReadingArp Schnitger
German organ builder known for his organs
Born
July 2nd, 1648 377 years ago
Died
1719 306 years ago — 71 years old
An influential organ builder active during the late 17th century, this individual constructed over 150 organs across Europe, particularly in northern Germany. His work exemplified the North German baroque style, characterized by its majestic sound and intricate designs. Apprenticing under various masters, the individual developed a distinctive style that incorporated innovative techniques and high-quality materials. Many of the organs built have survived and are still admired today for their engineering and artistic craftsmanship.
Continue ReadingChristoph Willibald Gluck
German opera composer of Orfeo ed Euridice
Born
July 2nd, 1714 311 years ago
Died
November 15th, 1787 238 years ago — 73 years old
Born in 1714, a German composer revolutionized opera with a focus on dramatic expression and unified musical structure. Gluck's operatic works broke away from the established Baroque style, emphasizing clear melodies and orchestration. Notable pieces include 'Orfeo ed Euridice,' which redefined the genre and influenced future composers. His collaborations with librettists such as Ranieri de' Calzabigi led to significant results in the operatic form, using mythological themes to convey profound emotions. Gluck's changes in opera laid the groundwork for the Classical period and inspired later figures like Mozart.
Continue ReadingHans Bethe
Physicist who won Nobel Prize in Physics
Born
July 2nd, 1906 119 years ago
Died
March 6th, 2005 20 years ago — 98 years old
German-American physicist contributed significantly to quantum mechanics and nuclear physics. Played a crucial role in the development of the atomic bomb as part of the Manhattan Project. Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1967 for his work on the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis, explaining how stars produce energy and elements. Additionally, served as a professor at Cornell University, influencing numerous students and research in theoretical physics.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on March 16th
Esther Bubley
American photographer and photojournalist
Born
1921 104 years ago
Died
March 16th, 1998 27 years ago — 77 years old
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Continue ReadingBörries von Münchhausen
German poet and writer
Born
March 20th, 1874 151 years ago
Died
March 16th, 1945 80 years ago — 70 years old
A prominent German poet, contributions to literature included modern poetry and works exploring themes of nature and human experience. His poetry reflects a connection to the Romantic tradition, revealing an affinity for both the aesthetic and philosophical dimensions of literature. Active during the early 20th century, he engaged with various literary movements and circles, which influenced his writing style. His collected works showcase a blend of lyrical expression and a dedication to form. He also contributed to cultural discussions of the time through essays.
Continue ReadingEddie Shore
Ice hockey player; Hart Trophy winner
Born
November 25th, 1902 123 years ago
Died
March 16th, 1985 40 years ago — 82 years old
A Canadian-American ice hockey player, played as a defenseman in the National Hockey League. Shore spent the majority of his career with the Boston Bruins. His aggressive playing style and skill contributed to his team's success throughout the 1920s and 1930s. Recognized for exceptional performance, he won the Hart Trophy as the league's most valuable player four times. Shore's contributions to the Bruins included leading the team to two Stanley Cup championships.
Continue ReadingMarina Solodkin
Politician and academic
Born
1952 73 years ago
Died
March 16th, 2013 12 years ago — 61 years old
An academic and politician from Russia and Israel, contributed to educational and political discourse. Served in the Israeli Knesset representing the Israel BaAliyah party. Engaged in issues related to immigration and integration policies, particularly focusing on the needs of new immigrants from the former Soviet Union. Additionally, held various academic positions at universities, contributing to the fields of education and social science.
Continue ReadingBill Brown
Australian cricketer and soldier
Born
October 8th, 1931 94 years ago
Died
March 16th, 2008 17 years ago — 76 years old
Served in the Australian Army during World War II. Played first-class cricket for Queensland and represented Australia in Test cricket. Contributed significantly to Australian cricket with skills as a batsman and fielder. Brown's career spanned from 1933 to 1946, with notable performances in various matches, showcasing talent and dedication to the sport.
Continue ReadingCharles Albert Gobat
Swiss lawyer, politician, Nobel laureate
Born
May 21st, 1843 182 years ago
Died
March 16th, 1914 111 years ago — 70 years old
A prominent Swiss lawyer and politician, contributed significantly to international law and peace efforts. Served as president of the Swiss Federal Council in 1886 and was involved in the establishment of the Permanent Court of Arbitration. Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1902 for advocating peace and arbitration in international disputes. Played a crucial role in the formation of various international organizations aimed at promoting peace and resolving conflicts through dialogue rather than war.
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