Military & Warfare

Siege of Haarlem Concludes After Prolonged Conflict

After seven months of intense siege, Haarlem surrendered to Spanish forces led by Francisco de Valdés. The city defended fiercely against the siege from 1572, amidst the broader backdrop of the Eighty Years' War. Desperation and a lack of supplies forced Mayor Pieter Adriaansz van der Werff to capitulate, marking a significant moment in the struggle for Dutch independence. The defense was notable for the resilience of citizens, as they endured severe hardships during the long siege.

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