Historical Events from This Year 1165
Born in 1165 (View all 7)
Ibn Arabi
Born in 1165 in Andalusia, a prominent Sufi mystic, poet, and philosopher flourished during the Islamic Golden Age. His philosophical teachings, particularly regarding the concept of unity of being, influenced Islamic mysticism and metaphysics significantly. Many works, including the influential 'Fusus al-Hikam' and 'Tarjuman al-Ashwaq', explore spiritual enlightenment, love, and the essence of God. The scope of his writings encompasses metaphysical poetry and profound philosophical texts. Later generations revered him as a central figure in Sufism, contributing extensively to the tradition's literature and thought.
Continue ReadingStefan the First-Crowned
First crowned as the king of Serbia, established the Serbian monarchy after gaining recognition from the Pope. Facilitated the growth of the Serbian state during the early 13th century. Played a crucial role in solidifying the authority of the Serbian church and strengthening regional power. His reign marked the transition from a principality to a more organized kingdom.
Continue ReadingAlbert of Riga
A prominent figure in the Christianization of the Baltic region, a German bishop established the city of Riga in 1201. Played a crucial role in the missionary efforts and the spread of Christianity among the indigenous peoples. Led the establishment of the Bishopric of Riga and enforced ecclesiastical authority over the region. Built churches and encouraged the settlement of German colonists, which laid the foundation for the city’s growth and significance in the region.
Continue ReadingPhilippe du Plessis
Served as the Grand Master of the Knights Templar during a period of significant conflict in the early 13th century. Oversaw the order's operations and challenges during the Third Crusade and the subsequent period of the Crusades. Managed resources and strategic decisions that affected the order's role in defending Christian territories in the Holy Land. The tenure included involvement in key battles and negotiations with rival factions in the region, reflecting the complexities of crusader politics.
Continue ReadingBerengaria of Navarre
Born in Navarre, Berengaria was the daughter of Sancho VI of Navarre and became Queen of England by marriage to Richard I. The marriage took place during Richard's absence on the Third Crusade. Following Richard's return, Berengaria accompanied him to England, where she assumed her role as queen consort. They had no children, and after Richard's death, she spent much of her life in seclusion. Berengaria was also noted for her piety and involvement in various charitable activities. She passed away in 1230 while living in a convent in England.
Continue ReadingPelagio Galvani
A prominent legal scholar and cleric in 13th century Leon, held significant roles within the Spanish Catholic Church. Played a vital part in ecclesiastical administration and contributed to canon law. Worked on the development of legal frameworks and religious governance during a pivotal period of church history. Served as cardinal, influencing various church policies.
Continue ReadingPeople Who Died in 1165
Stephen IV
Ruled as King of Hungary and Croatia from 1163 until 1165. Stephen IV succeeded his brother, Béla II, and continued the royal lineage of the Árpád dynasty. His reign was characterized by efforts to consolidate power and strengthen the monarchy in Hungary. Despite a short reign, he was involved in the ongoing conflicts with neighboring regions, particularly concerning territorial disputes. His rule contributed to the political stability of the region during a time of feudal fragmentation.
Continue ReadingNijō
Ascended to the throne in 1158, ruled during a time marked by the decline of the imperial authority and the rise of the samurai class. His reign saw significant cultural developments, particularly in poetry and arts. He abdicated in 1165, maintaining influence in the court through the political maneuvering of his family. The Heian period, in which Nijō ruled, is regarded as a high point of Japanese culture, particularly in literature and aesthetics.
Continue ReadingMalcolm IV of Scotland
Ascended to the throne at a young age, ruling Scotland from 1153 until death in 1165. His reign was marked by efforts to strengthen royal authority amidst ongoing conflicts with both internal barons and external threats from England. His rule experienced significant challenges, including maintaining control over Scotland's feudal nobles. Some attempts were made to assert Scottish independence during his reign. Malcolm IV also established a grant of lands to the Abbey of Dunfermline, which strengthened the church's influence.
Continue ReadingEmperor Nijō of Japan
Ruled as the 75th emperor of Japan from 1158 to 1165. Son of Emperor Go-Shirakawa, ascended the throne at a young age. His reign coincided with the power struggles of the Fujiwara clan and the emergence of the samurai class. Known for political instability and influence from powerful regents, including the Fujiwara family. Sought to balance the traditional court practices with the rising military power, yet faced challenges during his reign. Abdicated in 1165 in favor of his son, continuing a lineage of power struggles in the imperial family.
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