What Happened This Year 1239

Historical Events from This Year 1239

Politics & Government

Heiresses of León Renounce Throne to Ferdinand III

December 11th, 1239 785 years ago

The Treaty of Benavente marked a significant alliance where the heiresses of the Kingdom of León formally renounced their claims to the throne in favor of King Ferdinand III of Castile. This agreement not only strengthened the ties between the two kingdoms but also facilitated the consolidation of power under Ferdinand, who aimed to unify the Christian kingdoms of Spain against the backdrop of the Reconquista. The treaty was a strategic move that illustrated the shifting dynamics of power in medieval Spain.

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Born in 1239

Edward I

English king with significant conquests
Born
June 17th, 1239 785 years ago
Died
July 7th, 1307 717 years ago — 68 years old

Reigned as king of England from 1272 to 1307. Known for a series of military campaigns in Wales and Scotland. Completed the construction of several castles, including Caernarfon and Harlech in Wales, to solidify control. Led the English forces during the Wars of Scottish Independence, aiming to integrate Scotland into the English realm. Instituted legal reforms known as the Model Parliament, which helped shape the modern parliamentary system. His reign marked a shift towards a more centralized monarchy.

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Valdemar

King of Sweden during the early 14th century
Born
1239 786 years ago
Died
December 26th, 1302 722 years ago — 63 years old

Ruled as king of Sweden during a time of political strife and shifting power dynamics. His reign saw efforts to consolidate royal authority and manage conflicts with rival leaders. Engaged in military campaigns to expand territorial control, facing both internal and external threats. Died in 1302, leaving a legacy intertwined with the medieval history of Sweden.

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Stephen V of Hungary

King of Hungary, son of Béla IV
Born
1239 786 years ago
Died
August 6th, 1272 752 years ago — 33 years old

Ascended to the throne in 1270, served as the King of Hungary until death in 1272. Focused on consolidating the power of the monarchy and resolving conflicts with neighboring territories. Engaged in military campaigns to defend Hungary's borders. Fostered the development of ecclesiastical institutions. Despite a short reign, laid groundwork for future governance.

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Peter III of Aragon

Aragonese king known for the Sicilian Vespers
Born
1239 786 years ago
Died
November 11th, 1285 739 years ago — 46 years old

Ascended to the throne of Aragon in 1276, serving until 1285. Played a central role in the War of the Sicilian Vespers against the Angevin rule in Sicily. Actively supported and legitimized the rebellion in Sicily, which sought to expel French rulers. His reign significantly influenced the political landscape of the Mediterranean region during the late 13th century. Died in 1285, leaving a legacy of conflict and coalition dynamics.

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People Who Died in 1239

Hermann Balk

German knight from the medieval era
Died
March 5th, 1239 786 years ago — None years old

Active in the early 13th century, a notable German knight played a significant role in the military and political affairs of the time. Associated with the region of Schleswig, this figure became a prominent lord, overseeing various territories. Engaged in conflicts related to the Danish crown and the Holy Roman Empire, he participated in wars that shaped regional dynamics. His efforts contributed to the evolution of feudal power during the medieval period, influencing governance and land ownership. His legacy includes the establishment of alliances that strengthened his position within the chivalric hierarchy. Died in 1239.

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Hermann von Salza

German knight and diplomat
Born
1179 846 years ago
Died
March 20th, 1239 785 years ago — 60 years old

Served as the Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights from 1210 until death in 1239. Played a crucial role in the expansion of the Order's influence in Eastern Europe. Maintained diplomatic relations with various rulers, including Frederick II, the Holy Roman Emperor. Negotiated treaties that secured the Order's territories and privileges. Contributed to the establishment of the Teutonic Knights as a powerful force in the Baltic region, particularly in territories that are now part of Poland and the Baltic States.

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Emperor Go-Toba

Emperor of Japan and poet
Born
August 6th, 1180 844 years ago
Died
March 28th, 1239 785 years ago — 58 years old

Emperor Go-Toba reigned over Japan during the late Heian period and early Kamakura period. Ascending to the throne in 1183, his reign was marked by political strife and the rise of the warrior class. Go-Toba witnessed the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate, which led to a significant shift of power away from the imperial court. He was an accomplished poet and patron of the arts, contributing to the flourishing of Japanese poetry during his time. Go-Toba also attempted to regain imperial power through various political maneuvers but faced resistance from the shogunate. After his abdication in 1198, he continued to influence the court and the arts until his death in 1239.

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