Historical Events from This Year 1260 (View all 7)
Kublai Khan Ascends to Mongol Leadership
Kublai Khan was declared the ruler of the Mongol Empire, marking the beginning of significant changes in Mongolian governance and culture. This declaration followed a khuriltai, a traditional assembly, where Kublai was chosen to lead. Under his leadership, the empire began to embrace more settled administrative practices and cultural exchanges. His position as the grandson of Genghis Khan uniquely positioned him to unite various factions within the empire. The assembly took place in great secrecy, reflecting the tensions among the ruling elite.
Continue ReadingLivonian Order Faces Defeat at Durbe
In a significant clash, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania decisively defeated the Livonian Order at Durbe. This battle marked one of the most severe defeats for the Livonian knights during their campaigns in the Baltic region. The confrontation stemmed from ongoing conflicts over territory and influence in Eastern Europe. The victory solidified Lithuanian power and pushed back the expansion of the Order significantly.
Continue ReadingMamluks Achieve Victory Over Mongols
The Mamluk Sultanate achieved a significant victory over the Mongols at the Battle of Ain Jalut, held in Palestine. This battle saw Mamluk forces, led by Sultan Qutuz and general Baibars, successfully repel the Mongol advance into Egypt. The Mongols had been expanding their empire rapidly, but the defeat at Ain Jalut marked a critical turning point, significantly limiting their territorial ambitions in the region.
Continue ReadingSienese Ghibellines Defeat Florentine Guelphs
The battle at Montaperti saw the Sienese Ghibellines, supported by Manfred, King of Sicily, triumph over the Florentine Guelphs. This military confrontation was characterized by its fierce fighting and strategic maneuvers, showcasing the political tensions between Ghibellines and Guelphs in medieval Italy. The outcome was pivotal for Sienna, as it solidified its power and influence while weakening Florence's position in the region.
Continue ReadingThe Great Prussian Uprising Against Teutonic Knights
In September 1260, the old Prussians launched a significant uprising against the Teutonic Knights, who had been encroaching on their territory and imposing foreign rule. This rebellion was characterized by fierce resistance from the native Prussian tribes, including the Warmians and the Natangians, who sought to reclaim their lands and autonomy. The uprising marked a critical moment in the conflict between the Teutonic Order and the indigenous Prussian people, driven by growing discontent over the forced Christianization and oppressive policies of the Knights.
Continue ReadingDedication of Chartres Cathedral with Louis IX
The dedication of Chartres Cathedral saw King Louis IX of France, a devout patron of the Church, in attendance to honor the completion of the grand Gothic structure. The cathedral became a significant pilgrimage destination, renowned for its remarkable stained glass and architectural splendor. The event was attended by numerous clergy and dignitaries, marking a momentous occasion in the religious and cultural life of France. The cathedral’s design and artistic elements illustrated the peak of Gothic artistry, reflecting the aspirations of the era.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1260
Bartholomew of San Concordio
A Dominican canonist and a prominent man of letters, contributed significantly to the study of canon law. Writings and teachings influenced the understanding and application of legal principles within the Church. Worked extensively on the compilation and interpretation of canonical texts, solidifying a reputation as a critical thinker in the field during the 14th century.
Continue ReadingAgnes of France
Daughter of King Louis IX of France, played a significant role in the early 14th century as the Duchess of Burgundy. Married to Philip I, her union strengthened ties between France and Burgundy. Managed local affairs and supported the development of the duchy during a period marked by political challenges. The marriage brought legitimacy to Philip's claims and enhanced stability within the region.
Continue ReadingHenry de Cobham
Served as a prominent English noble during the late 13th and early 14th centuries. Played a significant role in the governance of England and participated in military campaigns during the Wars of Scottish Independence. Held the title of 1st Baron Cobham, which was officially created in 1327. Involved in both political and military spheres under the reign of Edward II. Managed various estates in Kent and took part in local governance.
Continue ReadingPeople Who Died in 1260
Luchesius Modestini
A significant religious figure established the Third Order of St. Francis, which aimed to allow individuals who could not fully commit to monastic life to follow the Franciscan way of living. This order encouraged a life of penance and spirituality among the laity, emphasizing the teachings of Saint Francis of Assisi. Through this movement, he contributed to the spread of Franciscan values in everyday life. His leadership and vision supported the growth of a community that balanced faith and worldly responsibilities, impacting many followers during and after his lifetime.
Continue ReadingQutuz
Served as Sultan of Egypt from 1259 until death in 1260. Led the Mamluk forces during the Battle of Ain Jalut against the Mongol invasion. Successfully defended Egypt, marking a significant turning point in the region's history. His leadership stabilized the Mamluk Sultanate in a period of crisis.
Continue ReadingAymer de Valence
Served as Bishop of Winchester from 1240 until death in 1260. Played a key role in the administration of the church and acted as a royal advisor during a tumultuous period in English history. Focused on the rebuilding of the cathedral and was involved in legal matters pertaining to the church's domain.
Continue Reading