Historical Events from This Year 1377
Pope Gregory XI Returns Papacy to Rome
Pope Gregory XI returned to Rome in 1377 after residing in Avignon. Faced with a divided Church and political pressures, he made the pivotal decision to relocate the Papacy back to its historical center. His journey marked a significant moment in the Western Schism, as it aimed to restore unity and strengthen the Catholic Church’s influence in Italy. His arrival was celebrated in Rome, symbolizing a triumphant restoration of papal authority in the city.
Continue ReadingPapal Bulls Against John Wycliffe's Doctrines
Pope Gregory XI issued five papal bulls targeting the doctrines of English theologian John Wycliffe. Wycliffe, known for his critiques of the Church and advocacy for scripture in common vernacular, sparked significant theological controversies. These papal bulls underscored the growing tension between traditional Church authority and emerging reformative ideas. The Pope's actions were a response to Wycliffe's popularity and the perceived threat his teachings posed to Church doctrine. This denouncement aimed to reinforce the established beliefs of the Church in a period marked by religious transformation.
Continue ReadingCoronation of King Richard II of England
Richard II was ceremoniously crowned king at Westminster Abbey, marking the beginning of his reign following the death of his grandfather, Edward III. Despite being just ten years old, the event was grand, attended by nobles and dignitaries, highlighting the transition of power within the Plantagenet dynasty. The symbolism of the crown represented both his royal lineage and the expectations of his future rule.
Continue ReadingBlue Horde Defeats Russian Troops at Pyana River
Forces of the Blue Horde, led by Khan Arapsha, fought and defeated Russian troops at the Pyana River. This significant battle was a result of ongoing conflicts between the Golden Horde and emerging Russian principalities. The Blue Horde's tactical maneuvers and cavalry charges overwhelmed the Russians, showcasing the effectiveness of their military strategies. This loss marked a setback for the Russians in their territorial ambitions during the period.
Continue ReadingTvrtko I crowned as Bosnia's first king
Tvrtko I was crowned the first king of Bosnia in 1377, marking a significant moment in Bosnian history. The coronation took place in the Bosnian royal capital, Bobovac, where Tvrtko I established his dominance over the region. His reign represented the unification of various territories under a single monarchy, signifying a newfound sense of national identity for the Bosnian people. Tvrtko's crowning was a celebration of sovereignty and authority that strengthened the kingdom amid regional challenges.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1377 (View all 8)
Go-Komatsu
Ascended to the throne in 1383 during a time of political instability in Japan. Reign lasted until 1392, with a focus on resolving the dual imperial line issue stemming from the previous Ashikaga conflict. Elected by supporters of the Southern Court, faced challenges from the Ashikaga clan. In 1392, he voluntarily abdicated which led to the unification of the Northern and Southern Courts under the Ashikaga rule, marking the end of the divided imperial era. Became a figure of historical significance in the context of Japanese imperial lineage and governance.
Continue ReadingShahrukh Mirza
Ruled Persia and Transoxiana during the Timurid Empire. Succeeded his father, Timur, strengthening the empire and fostering cultural development. Focused on promoting arts and education, establishing several educational institutions. His reign saw a flourishing of Persian literature and architecture. Notable for his efforts in diplomacy, he navigated complex relationships with neighboring states.
Continue ReadingLouis II of Anjou
Born in 1377, a prominent figure in French nobility, he held the titles of Duke of Anjou, Count of Maine, and Count of Provence. Engaged in military campaigns during the Hundred Years' War, he played a crucial role in various sieges and battles alongside key figures of the time. His endeavors included attempts to claim the throne of Naples, which led to prolonged conflict and political intrigue in Italy. Involved in regional politics, he fostered alliances and rivalries with other noble families. His engagement in courtly life and administration contributed significantly to the complexities of 15th-century French politics. Died in 1417.
Continue ReadingHenry Beaufort
Served as a prominent cardinal and Lord Chancellor in England during the early 15th century. Played a significant role in the political landscape of the time, notably as a key figure in the conflicts surrounding the English throne. Held the position of Bishop of Winchester for several decades, influencing both church and state affairs. Engaged in diplomatic missions and was involved in the negotiations between England and France. Contributed to the ongoing tensions leading to the Wars of the Roses through his alliances and enmities within the English nobility.
Continue ReadingFilippo Brunelleschi
Filippo Brunelleschi was an Italian architect and sculptor active during the early Renaissance. He is credited with designing the dome of the Florence Cathedral, an engineering feat that influenced architecture for centuries. His innovative use of linear perspective in art and architecture marked a significant departure from Gothic styles, forming the basis of modern architectural principles. Brunelleschi also constructed the Ospedale degli Innocenti, one of the first true Renaissance buildings, emphasizing symmetry and proportion. His techniques laid the groundwork for future architects, enabling the development of Renaissance architecture.
Continue ReadingĐurađ Branković
Ruled as the Despot of Serbia from 1427 until death in 1456. Played a crucial role in the political landscape of the Balkans during the period of Ottoman expansion. Engaged in numerous alliances and conflicts to maintain Serbian autonomy against the Ottoman Empire. Managed to build a strong territorial state, with Smederevo as the capital. Contributed to cultural and religious life by supporting the Orthodox Church.
Continue ReadingPeople Who Died in 1377
Frederick the Simple
Ruled as King of Sicily from 1296 until 1337. His reign was marked by efforts to stabilize the kingdom amidst feudal conflicts and external pressures. Promoted several legal reforms aimed at improving governance. Established the Regno di Sicilia as a significant political entity during the late Middle Ages. Experienced challenges from rival factions and faced difficulties in maintaining control over the island's territories. His death in 1377 led to a shift in the island's political landscape, influencing subsequent power dynamics in the region.
Continue ReadingEdward III of England
Ruled as king from 1327 until 1377. Ascended to the throne at a young age, initiating a long reign that saw the expansion of English territories in France during the Hundred Years' War. Established the Order of the Garter, which became a significant chivalric order. Worked to strengthen the monarchy and the military, enhancing the power and influence of the crown.
Continue ReadingFrederick III the Simple
Ruled as King of Sicily from 1355 until 1377. His reign faced internal conflicts and challenges related to dynastic claims. Played a significant role in the political landscape of Sicily during his time, engaging in disputes with competing factions and maintaining control over the kingdom. His governance was marked by efforts to consolidate power and navigate the complexities of Sicilian politics, especially against the backdrop of the Hundred Years' War. The latter years of his reign were characterized by instability and struggles for succession.
Continue Reading