Historical Events from This Year 1491
Nkuwu Nzinga Converts to Christianity
Nkuwu Nzinga, the monarch of Kongo, was baptized by Portuguese missionaries and took the name João I. This significant event marked the beginning of a formal relationship between the Kingdom of Kongo and Portugal, driven by mutual political and economic interests. The alliance facilitated the spread of Christianity in the region, signaling a transformative change in cultural and religious dynamics. This baptism not only symbolized the acceptance of Christian faith by the king but also set the stage for further European influence in Central Africa.
Continue ReadingPublic Execution at the Brasero de la Dehesa
In the Brasero de la Dehesa, outside of Ávila, a public auto-da-fé marks the conclusion of the Holy Child of La Guardia case. This event leads to the execution of several Jewish and converso suspects accused of crimes against the Christian community. The ceremony draws a large crowd, reflecting the intense atmosphere surrounding religious and ethnic tensions in Spain during this period.
Continue ReadingFall of Granada and the Treaty of Granada
The Siege of Granada culminated in the signing of the Treaty of Granada, marking the end of the nearly eight-century rule of the Moors in the Iberian Peninsula. After months of military campaigns, the Catholic Monarchs, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, captured the city of Granada, the last significant Muslim stronghold in Spain. The treaty ensured the protection of the Muslim population while establishing Catholic Christian dominance in the region. This pivotal moment in Spanish history also symbolized the conclusion of the Reconquista.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1491 (View all 15)
John III
Ruled as Duke of Cleves and Jülich from 1521 until death in 1539. Became significant in the context of the Protestant Reformation, particularly due to alliances formed with key figures of the time. Engaged in strategic marriages to strengthen political ties within the region. His reign included conflicts with neighboring territories, highlighting the complex political landscape of the era. The significance of his lineage continued long after his death, impacting future dynastic connections in the region.
Continue ReadingMarie d'Albret
Born in 1491, the Countess of Rethel played a significant role in the politics of France during the early 16th century. As a noblewoman, she was influential in the court and participated in various diplomatic missions. Her lineage linked her to notable families, contributing to alliances and power dynamics of the time. D'Albret also was an important figure in the Protestant Reformation in France, promoting Protestant beliefs and resistance against Catholic influence. Her marriage to the Protestant leader John III of Navarre further solidified her role in the religious and political landscape.
Continue ReadingSuzanne, Duchess of Bourbon
Born in 1491, she became the Duchess of Bourbon through marriage. Her lineage connected influential noble families in France, particularly aligning with the Bourbon lineage which would later play a significant role in French history. The marriage solidified political alliances during a time of significant dynastic struggles. She was instrumental in managing the estates and influences of the Bourbon family.
Continue ReadingHenry VIII of England
Ruled as King of England from 1509 until death in 1547. Initiated the English Reformation, breaking away from the Catholic Church and establishing the Church of England. His reign was marked by significant political, social, and religious upheaval. He had six marriages, with two of these annulled and two resulting in execution. Henry VIII is noted for his significant contributions to the cultural landscape of England, including the commissioning of the Royal Navy and expansion of power over Wales and Ireland.
Continue ReadingMaria of Jülich-Berg
Born in 1491, a German noblewoman held the title of Duchess of Cleves. Marriage to Duke William IV of Cleves in 1510 established a significant political alliance. As a duchess, engaged in the politics of the region, particularly regarding the Protestant Reformation. Played a crucial role in the succession disputes of the Cleves domain following her husband's death in 1521. Influenced the marriage negotiations of her children that impacted regional power dynamics.
Continue ReadingInnocenzo Cybo
Born in 1491, served as a cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church. Held the position of Cardinal-Deacon and played a significant diplomatic role during the pontificate of Pope Leo X. Worked on various ecclesiastical affairs and was involved in the political dynamics of the church during the Renaissance period. His contributions included participation in significant church councils and assistance in the administration of the papal states. Died in 1550.
Continue ReadingPeople Who Died in 1491
William Herbert
Born in 1451, this individual served as the 2nd Earl of Pembroke during the tumultuous periods of the late 15th century. His loyalty to the Yorkist cause during the Wars of the Roses led to significant political influence. This Earl played a crucial role in the struggle for the English throne and was closely associated with the court of King Edward IV. His lineage and title provided substantial power and responsibility in the governance of Pembrokeshire. This individual also participated in the military campaigns that characterized the era, aligning with the interests of the monarchy. His legacy includes contributions to the management of lands and estates awarded to him, which reflected the traditions of English nobility.
Continue ReadingJohn de la Pole
Born in 1442, contributed to the English nobility as the 2nd Duke of Suffolk. Held significant positions during the Wars of the Roses, aligning with notable factions. Engaged in political intrigue and military campaigns, supporting the Lancaster cause. In 1460, inherited the title from his father and became one of the leading nobles of the time, navigating the tumultuous political landscape of England. His lineage and status played a crucial role in the dynastic struggles of the period, ultimately leading to his involvement in key battles. The duke died in 1492, leaving a legacy tied to the sociopolitical dynamics of late 15th-century England.
Continue ReadingEnno I
Held the title of Count of East Frisia during the late 15th century. Played a crucial role in regional politics, particularly in the context of East Frisian nobility. Managed to regain control over the territory after various conflicts, establishing a notable lineage that influenced the region's governance. His reign was marked by efforts to consolidate power and maintain the interests of East Frisia amidst external pressures. Left a legacy through the succession of his descendants, who continued to play significant roles in the area's political landscape.
Continue ReadingAfonso
Afonso served as a Portuguese prince during the 15th century and played a significant role in the Age of Discovery. He was instrumental in the early exploration of Africa and the Atlantic islands, contributing to Portugal's expansion in the New World. Afonso became known as a patron of explorers and scholars, facilitating maritime advancements and navigational techniques. His leadership assisted in establishing numerous colonies and trade routes that would greatly benefit Portugal's economy. Afonso's initiatives in navigation helped lay the groundwork for future expeditions that would further expand European horizons.
Continue ReadingBertoldo di Giovanni
Active during the Italian Renaissance, contributed to the development of sculpture in Florence. Collaborated with Donatello and worked on various projects that showcased mastery in carving and modeling figures. Influenced a generation of artists, incorporating classical elements into his art. Established a workshop where many apprentices learned the craft. His works often displayed a combination of classical themes and Renaissance humanism.
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