What Happened This Year 1540

Historical Events from This Year 1540 (View all 9)

Politics & Government

King Henry VIII Marries Anne of Cleves

January 6th, 1540 485 years ago

King Henry VIII of England wed Anne of Cleves in a political alliance aimed at securing ties with Germany. The marriage took place at Hampton Court Palace, designed to strengthen England's position with Protestant states in the Holy Roman Empire. However, the union was strained from the onset, as Henry found Anne unattractive, leading to an amicable annulment just six months later.

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Religion & Philosophy

Surrender of Waltham Abbey to Henry VIII

March 23rd, 1540 484 years ago

Waltham Abbey was surrendered to King Henry VIII, marking the closure of the last religious community during the Dissolution of the Monasteries in England. The event occurred after the Abbey's leadership acknowledged the authority of the crown and the newly established Church of England. This surrender followed a period of intense pressure and threats from royal commissioners sent to confiscate monastic properties.

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Exploration & Discovery

Hernando de Alarcón's Gulf of California Expedition

May 9th, 1540 484 years ago

Hernando de Alarcón set sail on an expedition to explore the Gulf of California. Commissioned by the Viceroy of New Spain, de Alarcón aimed to locate the mythical Strait of Anián and establish ties with potential trade routes. Departing from the port of Acapulco, he navigated through challenging waters, documenting the coastal geography and indigenous populations he encountered along the way. The expedition contributed to Spain’s understanding of the region's resources and strategic importance.

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Politics & Government

Henry VIII Orders Anne of Cleves Departure

June 24th, 1540 484 years ago

King Henry VIII commanded Anne of Cleves to leave the court on June 24, 1540, following a tumultuous marriage that lasted only six months. The marriage was politically motivated, intended to solidify an alliance with Germany, but quickly fell apart due to Henry's dissatisfaction with Anne's appearance and their lack of physical attraction. Anne was informed of the decision by the king's advisors, leading to her exit from the Tudor court in London, which was a dramatic shift in her circumstances and royal status.

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Politics & Government

Henry VIII's Marriage to Anne of Cleves Annulled

July 9th, 1540 484 years ago

King Henry VIII of England annulled his marriage to Anne of Cleves after just six months. The marriage, initially arranged for political alliance, quickly proved to be unfruitful as Henry found Anne physically unattractive. The annulment was granted on the grounds of non-consummation and Anne's pre-contract to marry another man, leading to her receiving a generous settlement and the title of the King’s sister.

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Politics & Government

Henry VIII Marries Catherine Howard

July 28th, 1540 484 years ago

Henry VIII married Catherine Howard at Hampton Court Palace. This union took place shortly after the annulment of his marriage to Anne of Cleves. Catherine, 17 years old, was a lady-in-waiting to Anne and captured the king’s attention with her youthful beauty. Their marriage was celebrated with great pomp and circumstance, marking Henry's fifth matrimony as he continued his quest for a male heir.

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Born in 1540 (View all 25)

Catherine

Duchess of Braganza
Born
January 18th, 1540 485 years ago
Died
1614 411 years ago — 74 years old

Born on January 18, 1540, a significant figure in Portuguese nobility. Married to the Duke of Braganza, played a prominent role in the political landscape of 16th-century Portugal. Held influence in the court and was engaged in various diplomatic affairs that shaped the future of the Braganza dynasty. Her lineage continued to play a vital role in Portuguese history. Catherine's marriage strengthened the position of the Braganza family, contributing to its ascent in power during a critical period of the Portuguese monarchy.

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Ludolph van Ceulen

Mathematician; introduced pi calculation
Born
January 28th, 1540 485 years ago
Died
December 31st, 1610 414 years ago — 70 years old

German-Dutch mathematician and academic contributed significantly to the field of mathematics, particularly in the calculation of pi. Van Ceulen spent a considerable portion of his life calculating the value of pi to 35 decimal places. This achievement was commemorated on his tombstone in St. Peter's Church in Leyden. He also authored several works on geometry and was a notable figure in the mathematical community during the 16th century. His work laid important groundwork for future developments in mathematics and numerical computation.

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Won Gyun

Korean general during the Imjin War
Born
February 12th, 1540 485 years ago
Died
1597 428 years ago — 57 years old

This figure served as a general and admiral in the Korean navy during the late 16th century. Played a significant role in the Imjin War against Japanese invasions from 1592 to 1598. Commanded the Joseon navy and participated in significant naval battles, including the Battle of Hansan Island. Despite facing considerable challenges, efforts contributed to the eventual repulsion of Japanese forces. Known for leadership in naval tactics and strategies during a critical period in Korean history.

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Henry Howard

Nobleman, 6th Duke of Norfolk
Born
February 25th, 1540 485 years ago
Died
January 13th, 1684 341 years ago — 143 years old

Held the title of Duke of Norfolk, which is one of the oldest and most prominent peerages in England. Participated in the political landscape of the late 17th century, navigating the complexities of noble duty and royal favor. Managed extensive estates and was involved in governance during a tumultuous time in English history, particularly during the reign of Charles II. Engaged in various advisory roles that influenced local and national matters.

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Maria de' Medici

Italian noblewoman and Grand Duchess
Born
April 3rd, 1540 484 years ago
Died
1557 468 years ago — 17 years old

Born as the eldest daughter of Cosimo I de' Medici and Eleonora di Toledo, held the title of Grand Duchess of Tuscany. Played a key role in the political and cultural life of Tuscany during the late Renaissance. Married Francesco I de' Medici, further solidifying the Medici influence in European politics. Contributed to the patronage of the arts, supporting artists and architects who shaped Florence's cultural landscape. Was involved in diplomatic missions and marriage alliances which aimed to strengthen familial ties among European nobility.

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Maharana Pratap

Indian ruler and warrior
Born
May 9th, 1540 484 years ago
Died
1597 428 years ago — 57 years old

A prominent ruler of Mewar, he ascended to the throne in 1572 and is remembered for his staunch resistance against the Mughal Empire. His leadership and military strategies were pivotal during the Battle of Haldighati in 1576, where his forces faced a larger Mughal army. Despite facing numerous challenges, he maintained the independence of Mewar and symbolized Rajput valor and pride. His legacy continues to inspire many and is honored in various cultural narratives.

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People Who Died in 1540 (View all 17)

Angela Merici

Italian educator and founder of Ursulines
Born
March 21st, 1474 550 years ago
Died
January 27th, 1540 485 years ago — 65 years old

An Italian educator and saint, established the Company of St. Ursula in 1535 to provide education to girls. This organization contributed significantly to the development of women's education in Europe. Developed a unique approach to education that integrated spiritual and academic development, emphasizing moral and civic responsibilities. The Company of St. Ursula became a global network of schools and institutions focused on educating young women and fostering their leadership roles in society.

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Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg

German Cardinal and Church Leader
Born
1469 556 years ago
Died
March 30th, 1540 484 years ago — 71 years old

A prominent figure in the Catholic Church, a cardinal from Germany, and an influential statesman during the early 16th century. Held several important ecclesiastical positions, including Archbishop of Salzburg, and played a significant role in the politics of the Holy Roman Empire. Participated in various diplomatic missions, shaping church and state relations. His tenure included efforts to reform the church and manage internal disputes within the clergy. Known for his involvement in the political landscape of his time, balancing religious authority with secular power.

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Juan Luís Vives

Spanish scholar and humanist
Born
1492 533 years ago
Died
May 6th, 1540 484 years ago — 48 years old

A prominent scholar of the Renaissance, contributed significantly to philosophy and education. Influenced by humanist ideas, emphasized the importance of education and introduced reforms in pedagogy. Authored influential texts such as 'De Veritate' and 'De Educatione Puerorum', which focused on the moral and intellectual development of students. Worked in various European cities, including Bruges and Oxford, and served as a personal advisor to Queen Catherine of Aragon.

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Francesco Guicciardini

Historian and politician, author of 'The History of Italy'
Born
March 6th, 1483 542 years ago
Died
May 22nd, 1540 484 years ago — 57 years old

An Italian historian and politician emerged during the Renaissance period. His most significant work, 'The History of Italy', provided a detailed account of Italian history from 1494 to 1534, analyzing political events and figures. Guicciardini served as a political leader in Florence and held various diplomatic roles. His writings included a series of letters and essays that highlighted his understanding of politics and power dynamics, as well as his views on governance. He was a contemporary of Machiavelli and contributed to discussions on statecraft and political theory.

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Konrad von Thüngen

German nobleman and politician
Died
June 16th, 1540 484 years ago — None years old

A German nobleman, active during the late 15th to early 16th centuries. Held significant influence within regional politics and governance. His tenure was marked by involvement in the administrative affairs of the Holy Roman Empire. Played a role in various local noble assemblies and contributed to the political landscape of the time. Oversaw management of estates and participated in military endeavors during conflicts of the period.

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John Zápolya

Hungarian king during the 16th century
Born
1487 538 years ago
Died
July 22nd, 1540 484 years ago — 53 years old

Ruled as the King of Hungary from 1526 until death in 1540. Ascended the throne during a time of political turmoil following the Battle of Mohács. Established himself through support from the Ottoman Empire and contended against Austrian influence in Hungary. His reign was marked by internal conflict and external threats, culminating in the division of Hungary between the Ottomans and Habsburgs.

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