What Happened This Year 1540

Born in 1540

Francis Drake

English sea captain and explorer
Born
1540 485 years ago
Died
January 27th, 1596 429 years ago — 56 years old

This individual was a prominent sea captain, privateer, and explorer during the late 16th century. Played a key role in the English naval endeavors against Spain, notably as the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe from 1577 to 1580. Participated in several significant battles, including the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588, which secured England's naval dominance. Engaged in various raids against Spanish settlements and ships in the Americas, which contributed to England's wealth and status during that era.

Continue Reading

José de Acosta

Jesuit missionary and naturalist
Born
1540 485 years ago
Died
February 15th, 1600 425 years ago — 60 years old

A Spanish Jesuit missionary and naturalist, significant contributions were made to the understanding of the Americas and its indigenous peoples. Arriving in Peru in 1570, observations on the flora, fauna, and cultures led to the publication of 'Natural and Moral History of the Indies' in 1590. This work included detailed descriptions of animals, plants, and the effects of Catholic missionary work on indigenous cultures. Advocated for the humane treatment of indigenous peoples and asserted the importance of education and advocacy within missionary efforts. His writings served as an early ethnographic study and impacted future scientific exploration of the region.

Continue Reading

Gasparo da Salò

Italian violin maker and craftsman
Born
1540 485 years ago
Died
April 14th, 1609 415 years ago — 69 years old

A prominent violin maker, contributions to string instrument making are foundational in the development of the violin. Active during the late 16th century, established the tradition of lutherie in Italy. Workshops produced violins that influenced future designs, laying groundwork for subsequent makers. Techniques for crafting and finishing instruments were innovative, creating high-quality violins that appealed to musicians of the period.

Continue Reading

Margaret Clifford

Countess of Derby
Born
1540 485 years ago
Died
September 28th, 1596 428 years ago — 56 years old

Served as the Countess of Derby during the late 16th century. Married to Edward Stanley, 4th Earl of Derby, she played a key role in the political landscape of her time. The marriage solidified alliances between influential families. Actively involved in the management of the family's estates, she was influential in the social and economic aspects of the region. Her legacy continued through her children, who contributed to the noble lineage of the Stanleys.

Continue Reading

Edmund Campion

Roman Catholic priest and martyr
Born
1540 485 years ago
Died
December 1st, 1581 443 years ago — 41 years old

A Roman Catholic priest, Campion served in England during a time of intense religious conflict. He became a member of the Society of Jesus and focused on promoting Catholicism in a Protestant-dominated environment. His ministry included preaching and writing works defending the Catholic faith. Campion was arrested in 1581 and subsequently executed for treason due to his religious activities and opposition to the Protestant establishment.

Continue Reading

Bernardino de Mendoza

Spanish commander and diplomat
Born
1540 485 years ago
Died
August 3rd, 1604 420 years ago — 64 years old

Served as a commander and diplomat in the late 16th century. Played a significant role in Spanish military campaigns in the Netherlands. Acted as the Spanish ambassador to England, where diplomatic relations were crucial during Queen Elizabeth I's reign. Engaged in various negotiations to strengthen ties between Spain and England amidst political tensions.

Continue Reading

Pierre de Bourdeille

French historian and author
Born
1540 485 years ago
Died
July 15th, 1614 410 years ago — 74 years old

A seigneur de Brantôme, played a significant role as a soldier and historian during the French Renaissance. Authored notable works that chronicled the lives of the French nobility. Renowned for writing 'Les Vies des Dames Gallantes', which provided insight into the customs and behaviors of women in French society during the late 16th century. Contributed to historical literature with a focus on biographical accounts and memoirs that detailed his experiences and observations of the time.

Continue Reading